{"title":"BILLS AND ACTS — THE PARLIAMENT AI UNIVERSE","built":"2026-11-01 08:14 UTC","last_checked":"2026-10-28","checked_range":["2026-10-28","2026-10-28"],"as_of":"2026-10-28","buckets":[{"key":"unit","label":"Units and teams","color":"#8E2433","count":0},{"key":"system","label":"AI systems in use","color":"#1F2F4F","count":0},{"key":"prog","label":"Programmes and funds","color":"#2F5A45","count":0},{"key":"skills","label":"Skills and training","color":"#6E5716","count":0},{"key":"infra","label":"Compute and data infrastructure","color":"#54476E","count":0},{"key":"gov","label":"Governance and assurance","color":"#3E4555","count":0},{"key":"part","label":"Partnerships","color":"#5C5240","count":0},{"key":"rule","label":"Rules and law","color":"#A3394B","count":13},{"key":"reg","label":"Regulator actions","color":"#3D5A80","count":0}],"divisions":[{"key":"department-wide","label":"Department-wide","count":13,"depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","count":13}]}],"colleges":[],"nodes":[{"id":"GOV-PARL-040","name":"Artificial Intelligence (Regulation) Bill [HL], Session 2023–24 (Lord Holmes of Richmond)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"closed","status":"closed — 2024-05-29","function":"Lords private member's bill (HL Bill 11 of 2023–24) to create an \"AI Authority\" that would check existing regulators take account of AI, run a gap analysis, monitor risks, support sandboxes and accredit AI auditors, and to put AI regulatory principles into law. Bill version dated 22 November 2023. Second reading in the Lords on 22 March 2024 (bill stage page; the Hansard text itself would not load). The bill page was last updated 29 May 2024; no Royal Assent is shown, so it did not become law. Later stage dates not read.","composition":"","parent":"House of Lords (private member's bill)","parent_research":"House of Lords (private member's bill)","relationships":"","notes":"Added or updated by Supplement 1 (edition 2.1).","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3519","https://lordslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/lln-2024-0016/","https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3519/stages/18065","https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/LLN-2024-0016/LLN-2024-0016.pdf"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3519","quotes":["A Bill to make provision for the regulation of Artificial Intelligence; and for connected purposes.","Private Members' Bill (Starting in the House of Lords)","29 May 2024 at 11:36"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://lordslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/lln-2024-0016/","quotes":["private member's bill proposed by Lord Holmes of Richmond (Conservative)","establish a new body, the AI Authority"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3519/stages/18065","quotes":["2nd reading","Sitting 22 March 2024 - Lords Hansard (1)"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/LLN-2024-0016/LLN-2024-0016.pdf","quotes":["Date published: 18 March 2024","HL Bill 11 of 2023–24"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":"Lord Holmes of Richmond (Conservative), sponsor","established":"2023-11-22 (bill as introduced)","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"bill","stage":"did not complete passage","stage_date":"2024-05-29","sponsor":"Lord Holmes of Richmond","applies_to":"AI developers and regulators"},"topics":["regulation and standards"],"confidence":"verified","confidence_raw":"verified (2nd reading 22 March 2024 single_source: bills.parliament.uk stage page; later stages not read)","one_source":false,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-PARL-001","name":"Commons Science, Innovation and Technology Committee — Governance of artificial intelligence (AI): inquiry, interim report and Third Report","page":"parliament/commons-committees","href":"../../parliament/commons-committees/#org=GOV-PARL-001","page_label":"Commons committees"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"succeeded_by","target":"GOV-PARL-041","ids":["GOV-PARL-041"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-001","ids":["GOV-PARL-001"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":1,"related_ids":["GOV-PARL-041"]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-041","name":"Artificial Intelligence (Regulation) Bill [HL], Session 2024–26 (HL Bill 76, Lord Holmes of Richmond)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"closed","status":"closed — 2026-05-14","function":"Reintroduced version of Lord Holmes's bill, \"to make provision for the regulation of artificial intelligence\". First reading in the Lords on 4 March 2025. The bill's publications page shows no stage after first reading. The 2024–26 session ended before the 2026–27 session opened (2026–27 bills were introduced from 14 May 2026), so the bill did not complete its passage (this fate is inferred from those pages; no \"fell\" notice was read).","composition":"","parent":"House of Lords (private member's bill)","parent_research":"House of Lords (private member's bill)","relationships":"","notes":"","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://bills.parliament.uk/publications/59353/documents/6094","https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3942/publications"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/publications/59353/documents/6094","quotes":["HL Bill 76","Ordered to be Printed, 4th March 2025.","Make provision for the regulation of artificial intelligence; and for connected purposes."],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3942/publications","quotes":["Lords 1st reading, 4 March 2025","2024-26"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":"Lord Holmes of Richmond, sponsor","established":"2025-03-04 (Lords 1st reading)","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"bill","stage":"Lords 1st reading only; session ended","stage_date":"2025-03-04","sponsor":"Lord Holmes of Richmond","applies_to":"AI developers and regulators"},"topics":["regulation and standards"],"confidence":"verified","confidence_raw":"verified (fate inferred)","one_source":false,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-040","ids":["GOV-PARL-040"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-050","ids":["GOV-PARL-050"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":2,"related_ids":["GOV-PARL-040","GOV-PARL-050"]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-042","name":"Artificial Superintelligence Bill, Session 2026–27 (Alex Sobel MP, ten minute rule)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"current","status":"current — 2026-09-08","function":"Ten minute rule bill \"to prohibit the development, deployment and operation of artificial superintelligence systems\" and to give monitoring and control powers. Introduced and given first reading on 8 September 2026 (the bill's publications page lists the Commons Hansard record of that day). Second reading listed for 13 November 2026 (secondary source only; the bill pages show no stage dates). Bill number not found: neither the bill page nor its publications page shows one.","composition":"","parent":"House of Commons (private member's bill)","parent_research":"House of Commons (private member's bill)","relationships":"","notes":"Added or updated by Supplement 1 (edition 2.1).","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4288","https://www.lexisnexis.co.uk/legal/news/mp-introduces-bill-prohibiting-development-of-artificial-superintelligence","https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4288/publications"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4288","quotes":["Artificial Superintelligence Bill","A Bill to make provision to prohibit the development, deployment and operation of artificial superintelligence systems;","Private Members' Bill (under the Ten Minute Rule)","9 September 2026"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://www.lexisnexis.co.uk/legal/news/mp-introduces-bill-prohibiting-development-of-artificial-superintelligence","quotes":["Following the House of Commons' agreement to the motion, the Bill received its First Reading"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4288/publications","quotes":["1st reading, Commons Hansard Daily Report"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":"Alex Sobel MP (Labour, Leeds Central and Headingley), sponsor","established":"2026-09-08 (1st reading)","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"bill","stage":"Commons 1st reading; 2nd reading set for 2026-11-13","stage_date":"2026-09-08","sponsor":"Alex Sobel MP","applies_to":"developers of advanced AI systems"},"topics":["safety and security","regulation and standards"],"confidence":"verified","confidence_raw":"verified (second reading date single_source; bill number not found)","one_source":false,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-PARL-033","name":"Joint Committee on Human Rights (the committee)","page":"parliament/joint-committees","href":"../../parliament/joint-committees/#org=GOV-PARL-033","page_label":"Joint committees"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-033","ids":["GOV-PARL-033"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":2,"related_ids":["GOV-PARL-044","GOV-PARL-092"]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-043","name":"Artificial Intelligence (Regulation and Workers' Rights) Bill, Session 2022–23 (Mick Whitley MP)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"closed","status":"closed — 2023-10-30","function":"Ten minute rule bill to regulate the use of AI in the workplace, with provisions on workers' and trade union rights. No stage dates shown; the page was last updated 30 October 2023 and the bill did not become law.","composition":"","parent":"House of Commons (private member's bill)","parent_research":"House of Commons (private member's bill)","relationships":"","notes":"","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3464"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/3464","quotes":["A Bill to regulate the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the workplace,","Private Members' Bill (under the Ten Minute Rule)","30 October 2023"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":"Mick Whitley MP (Labour, Birkenhead), sponsor","established":"null (session 2022–23)","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"bill","stage":"did not complete passage","stage_date":"2023-10-30","sponsor":"Mick Whitley MP","applies_to":"employers using AI"},"topics":["employment and the labour market","regulation and standards"],"confidence":"single_source","confidence_raw":"single_source","one_source":true,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-PARL-020","name":"Business, Innovation, Science and Trade Committee — \"Artificial Intelligence, business and the future of the workforce\"","page":"parliament/commons-committees","href":"../../parliament/commons-committees/#org=GOV-PARL-020","page_label":"Commons committees"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-020","ids":["GOV-PARL-020"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":0,"related_ids":[]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-044","name":"Artificial Intelligence (Consent and Misuse) Bill, Session 2026–27 (Commons presentation bill; sponsor not found)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"current","status":"current — 2026-10-20","function":"Private member's bill (presentation bill) that started in the House of Commons in the 2026–27 session. First reading 20 October 2026; second reading listed for 27 November 2026 (the bill page warns future dates may be provisional). The bill's main and publications pages would not load, so its sponsor, long title and purpose are not known.","composition":"","parent":"House of Commons (private member's bill, presentation bill)","parent_research":"House of Commons (private member's bill, presentation bill)","relationships":"","notes":"Dates may be provisional (Supplement 1, 0.3): the stage dates come from one page, which failed to load for the fact-checker. Added or updated by Supplement 1 (edition 2.1).","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4310","https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4310/stages","https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4310/stages","https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4310/stages","https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4310/stages"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4310","quotes":["Artificial Intelligence (Consent and Misuse) Bill - Parliamentary Bills - UK Parliament"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4310/stages","quotes":["Artificial Intelligence (Consent and Misuse) Bill","Private Members' Bill (Presentation Bill)"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4310/stages","quotes":["Originated in the House of Commons, Session 2026-27"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4310/stages","quotes":["1 1st reading 20 October 2026 Commons"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://bills.parliament.uk/bills/4310/stages","quotes":["2 2nd reading 27 November 2026 Commons","Future dates (especially those more than a week in advance) may be provisional."],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":null,"established":"2026-10-20 (Commons 1st reading)","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"bill","stage":"Commons 1st reading; 2nd reading listed for 2026-11-27","stage_date":"2026-10-20","sponsor":"not found","applies_to":"not verified"},"topics":["regulation and standards"],"confidence":"single_source","confidence_raw":"single_source (title, type, house and stage dates from the bill's stages page; sponsor and purpose still unverified)","one_source":true,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-042","ids":["GOV-PARL-042"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":1,"related_ids":["GOV-PARL-042"]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-095","name":"Data (Use and Access) Act 2025, s.138 — offence of creating, or requesting, a purported intimate image of an adult","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"current","status":"current — 2026-02-06","function":"Inserts new sections 66E to 66H into the Sexual Offences Act 2003. New s.66E makes it an offence intentionally to make a purported intimate image of another adult without their consent (and without reasonable belief in consent), with a reasonable-excuse defence; the section heading also covers requesting the creation of such an image. In force 6 February 2026. Listed because \"purported intimate images\" covers fabricated (for example AI-generated) images; the section text read does not itself use the word AI. Companion to Crime and Policing Act 2026 s.99 on purported intimate image generators (GOV-HO-029).","composition":"","parent":"Parliament (government bill; DSIT sponsored)","parent_research":"Parliament (government bill; DSIT sponsored)","relationships":"","notes":"Added or updated by Supplement 1 (edition 2.1).","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025/18/section/138","https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025/18/contents"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025/18/section/138","quotes":["Creating, or requesting the creation of, purported intimate image of adult","in force at 6.2.2026 by S.I. 2026/31"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025/18/contents","quotes":["Purported intimate images","138. Creating, or requesting the creation of, purported intimate image of adult"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":null,"established":"2025-06-19 (Royal Assent); in force 2026-02-06","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"act","stage":"in force","stage_date":"2026-02-06","sponsor":"UK Parliament (government bill)","applies_to":"people who create or request fabricated intimate images of adults"},"topics":["online safety","policing and justice"],"confidence":"single_source","confidence_raw":"single_source","one_source":true,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-DCMS-045","name":"Data (Use and Access) Act 2025, sections 135 and 136 (report and impact assessment duties)","page":"dcms","href":"../../dcms/#org=GOV-DCMS-045","page_label":"DCMS"},{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-HO-027","name":"Crime and Policing Act 2026 (c. 20)","page":"home-office","href":"../../home-office/#org=GOV-HO-027","page_label":"Home Office"},{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-HO-029","name":"Crime and Policing Act 2026 s. 99: purported intimate image generators (\"nudification\" tools)","page":"home-office","href":"../../home-office/#org=GOV-HO-029","page_label":"Home Office"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-045","ids":["GOV-PARL-045"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-048","ids":["GOV-PARL-048"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-HO-029","ids":["GOV-HO-029"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":0,"related_ids":[]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-047","name":"Automated Vehicles Act 2024","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"current","status":"current — 2024-05-20","function":"Act \"to regulate the use of automated vehicles on roads and in other public places\" (2024 c. 10). Royal Assent 20 May 2024. AI-relevant provisions: Part 1 \"Regulatory scheme for automated vehicles\" — s.1 \"Basic concepts\", s.2 \"Statement of safety principles\", ss.3–10 authorisation of automation features and authorised self-driving entities (including s.7 \"Transition demands\" and s.10 \"Register of authorisations\"), ss.12–13 operator licensing; Part 2 \"Criminal liability for vehicle use\" (including ss.24–27); ss.46–49 the \"user-in-charge\"; Part 4 \"Marketing restrictions\"; Part 5 \"Permits for automated passenger services\"; s.99 \"Commencement and transitional provision\". Commencement of individual sections not checked; implementation is recorded on the Transport page (GOV-DFT-008).","composition":"","parent":"Parliament (government bill; DfT)","parent_research":"Parliament (government bill; DfT)","relationships":"","notes":"Added or updated by Supplement 1 (edition 2.1).","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2024/10/introduction","https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2024/10/introduction","https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2024/10/contents"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2024/10/introduction","quotes":["An Act to regulate the use of automated vehicles on roads and in other public places","[20th May 2024]"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2024/10/introduction","quotes":["2024 CHAPTER 10","[20th May 2024]"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2024/10/contents","quotes":["Part 1 Regulatory scheme for automated vehicles","2. "," ; ","Meaning of "," ; "],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":null,"established":"2024-05-20","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"act","stage":"Royal Assent","stage_date":"2024-05-20","sponsor":"UK Parliament (government bill)","applies_to":"automated vehicle makers and operators"},"topics":["transport","regulation and standards"],"confidence":"single_source","confidence_raw":"single_source","one_source":true,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-PARL-070","name":"All-Party Parliamentary Group on Artificial Intelligence (APPG AI)","page":"parliament/appg","href":"../../parliament/appg/#org=GOV-PARL-070","page_label":"APPG"},{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-DFT-008","name":"Automated Vehicles Act 2024 and its implementation programme","page":"transport","href":"../../transport/#org=GOV-DFT-008","page_label":"Transport"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-070","ids":["GOV-PARL-070"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-DFT-008","ids":["GOV-DFT-008"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":0,"related_ids":[]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-050","name":"Government position on AI legislation: \"We will legislate wherever necessary\" (12 October 2026)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"current","status":"current — 2026-10-12","function":"Government position on AI legislation as at 28 October 2026. On 12 October 2026 the Cabinet Office, AISI, NCSC and DCMS said government is \"examining stronger legal protections\" against AI risks and will consider using the Cyber Security and Resilience Bill regime for reporting serious AI incidents and near misses; AI Minister Kanishka Narayan said \"We will legislate wherever necessary.\" He repeated \"legislating wherever necessary\" in Commons written answers published on 22 October 2026 (UINs 31539 and 34562; GOV-PARL-092), which point to existing regulators, a possible voluntary near-miss reporting framework under the Cyber Security and Resilience Bill and a \"Regulating for Growth Bill\" with sandbox powers (GOV-PARL-093). His written statement of 7 September 2026 (HCWS314; GOV-PARL-091) announced no AI bill. The Commons Library said on 14 October 2026 that no AI-specific legislation or consultation had followed (GOV-PARL-094). No AI bill has been introduced. Earlier, in its response to the Governance of AI report (published 10 January 2025), the government said it would consult on binding rules for the most powerful models.","composition":"","parent":"Cabinet Office (Minister for AI)","parent_research":"Cabinet Office (Minister for AI)","relationships":"","notes":"Added or updated by Supplement 1 (edition 2.1).","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://www.gov.uk/government/news/britain-steps-up-national-defences-against-growing-ai-risks","https://www.gov.uk/government/news/britain-steps-up-national-defences-against-growing-ai-risks","https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm5901/cmselect/cmsctech/591/report.html","https://qna.files.parliament.uk/qnadailyreports/Written-Questions-Answers-Statements-Daily-Report-Commons-2026-10-22.pdf","https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-10003/CBP-10003.pdf"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/government/news/britain-steps-up-national-defences-against-growing-ai-risks","quotes":["We will use every power at our disposal. We will legislate wherever necessary."],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/government/news/britain-steps-up-national-defences-against-growing-ai-risks","quotes":["The detail of any measures will be worked through with parliamentarians"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm5901/cmselect/cmsctech/591/report.html","quotes":["We will shortly publish a consultation setting out our legislative proposals"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://qna.files.parliament.uk/qnadailyreports/Written-Questions-Answers-Statements-Daily-Report-Commons-2026-10-22.pdf","quotes":["Where new protections are needed, we will act, legislating wherever necessary."],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-10003/CBP-10003.pdf","quotes":["Legislation, however, has not yet been forthcoming."],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":"Kanishka Narayan MP, Minister of State (Minister for Artificial Intelligence)","established":"2026-10-12","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"strategy","stage":"ministerial statement; no bill introduced","stage_date":"2026-10-12","sponsor":"Cabinet Office","applies_to":"AI developers and deployers"},"topics":["regulation and standards","safety and security"],"confidence":"verified","confidence_raw":"verified","one_source":false,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-PARL-002","name":"Government response to the Governance of AI report (\"AI-specific legislation is required\")","page":"parliament/commons-committees","href":"../../parliament/commons-committees/#org=GOV-PARL-002","page_label":"Commons committees"},{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-DCMS-057","name":"Cyber Security and Resilience (Network and Information Systems) Bill","page":"dcms","href":"../../dcms/#org=GOV-DCMS-057","page_label":"DCMS"},{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-PARL-023","name":"Joint Committee on Human Rights — \"Human Rights and the Regulation of AI\" (HC 160 / HL Paper 56)","page":"parliament/joint-committees","href":"../../parliament/joint-committees/#org=GOV-PARL-023","page_label":"Joint committees"},{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-PARL-094","name":"House of Commons Library briefing CBP-10003 — \"AI regulation in the UK\" (14 October 2026)","page":"parliament","href":"../../parliament/#org=GOV-PARL-094","page_label":"Parliament"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-002","ids":["GOV-PARL-002"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-051","ids":["GOV-PARL-051"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-023","ids":["GOV-PARL-023"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-091","ids":["GOV-PARL-091"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-092","ids":["GOV-PARL-092"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-093","ids":["GOV-PARL-093"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-094","ids":["GOV-PARL-094"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":4,"related_ids":["GOV-PARL-041","GOV-PARL-091","GOV-PARL-092","GOV-PARL-093"]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-091","name":"Written ministerial statement \"Artificial intelligence update\" (HCWS314 / HLWS321, 7 September 2026)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"current","status":"current — 2026-09-07","function":"Statement to both Houses by the Minister for AI on the advancing capabilities of frontier AI, recent incidents and the government's response. It does not announce an AI bill. It links AI risk to the Cyber Security and Resilience Bill, which requires organisations to manage cyber threats \"including those enabled by AI\", and says government will consider whether protections for increasingly autonomous AI systems should be clarified or strengthened.","composition":"","parent":"Cabinet Office (Minister for AI)","parent_research":"Cabinet Office (Minister for AI)","relationships":"","notes":"Added or updated by Supplement 1 (edition 2.1).","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://questions-statements.parliament.uk/written-statements/detail/2026-09-07/hcws314"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://questions-statements.parliament.uk/written-statements/detail/2026-09-07/hcws314","quotes":["I am today updating the House on the rapidly advancing capabilities of frontier Artificial Intelligence,","requiring organisations to identify, manage and mitigate evolving cyber threats, including those enabled by AI","consider whether protections for increasingly autonomous AI systems should be clarified or strengthened"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts (government statements on AI legislation)","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":"Kanishka Narayan MP, Minister of State (Minister for Artificial Intelligence), Cabinet Office","established":"2026-09-07","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"strategy","stage":"written ministerial statement","stage_date":"2026-09-07","sponsor":"Cabinet Office","applies_to":"frontier AI developers; operators of essential services"},"topics":["safety and security","regulation and standards"],"confidence":"single_source","confidence_raw":"single_source","one_source":true,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-DCMS-057","name":"Cyber Security and Resilience (Network and Information Systems) Bill","page":"dcms","href":"../../dcms/#org=GOV-DCMS-057","page_label":"DCMS"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-050","ids":["GOV-PARL-050"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-051","ids":["GOV-PARL-051"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":1,"related_ids":["GOV-PARL-050"]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-092","name":"Commons written answers on AI regulation and a possible AI bill (UINs 31539, 34561, 34562; answered 22 October 2026)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"current","status":"current — 2026-10-22","function":"Three Commons written answers by Kanishka Narayan, answered for BIST and published on 22 October 2026. UIN 31539 (Vikki Slade MP) asked whether government would set up an independent regulator for AI and artificial superintelligence; the answer says many AI systems are already regulated at the point of use by existing regulators and makes no commitment to a new regulator. UINs 34561 and 34562 (Bell Ribeiro-Addy MP) asked what statutory safety duties apply to frontier AI developers and whether to legislate for binding safety obligations; the answers say the existing framework may not always be enough, describe work on the Cyber Security and Resilience Bill including a voluntary near-miss reporting framework, and repeat \"legislating wherever necessary\". No timetable for an AI bill is given. Tabling dates not shown in the daily report.","composition":"","parent":"Department for Business, Innovation, Science and Trade (answering department); minister also Cabinet Office","parent_research":"Department for Business, Innovation, Science and Trade (answering department); minister also Cabinet Office","relationships":"","notes":"Added or updated by Supplement 1 (edition 2.1).","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://qna.files.parliament.uk/qnadailyreports/Written-Questions-Answers-Statements-Daily-Report-Commons-2026-10-22.pdf"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://qna.files.parliament.uk/qnadailyreports/Written-Questions-Answers-Statements-Daily-Report-Commons-2026-10-22.pdf","quotes":["This report shows written answers and statements provided on 22 October 2026 and the","BUSINESS, INNOVATION, SCIENCE AND TRADE"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":null,"quotes":["introduce an independent regulator for Artificial Intelligence and Artificial Superintelligence.","We have taken important steps to ensure that many AI systems are already regulated"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":null,"quotes":["the potential merits of legislating to introduce binding safety obligations on frontier AI developers.","to essential services, including through developing a voluntary reporting framework for near-miss incidents.","Where new protections are needed, we will act, legislating wherever necessary."],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":null,"quotes":["what statutory safety obligations apply to frontier AI developers operating in the UK.","But we should not assume that the existing framework will always be sufficient as AI capabilities develop."],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts (government statements on AI legislation)","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":"Kanishka Narayan MP, Minister for Artificial Intelligence","established":"2026-10-22 (answers published)","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"report","stage":"written answers","stage_date":"2026-10-22","sponsor":"Department for Business, Innovation, Science and Trade (Kanishka Narayan)","applies_to":"frontier AI developers; regulators"},"topics":["regulation and standards","safety and security"],"confidence":"single_source","confidence_raw":"single_source","one_source":true,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-DCMS-057","name":"Cyber Security and Resilience (Network and Information Systems) Bill","page":"dcms","href":"../../dcms/#org=GOV-DCMS-057","page_label":"DCMS"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-050","ids":["GOV-PARL-050"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-051","ids":["GOV-PARL-051"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-042","ids":["GOV-PARL-042"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":2,"related_ids":["GOV-PARL-042","GOV-PARL-050"]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-093","name":"Commons written answer on the AI Growth Lab and the \"Regulating for Growth Bill\" sandbox powers (UIN 30879, 22 October 2026)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"current","status":"current — 2026-10-22","function":"Dr Ben Spencer MP asked about the constitutional implications of powers to disapply sectoral regulation through the AI Growth Lab. Kanishka Narayan answered that the forthcoming Regulating for Growth Bill will create cross-economy sandbox powers for testing AI products, and that regulatory protections should not be weakened. The answer did not address the constitutional question or the parliamentary procedure for the powers. The Regulating for Growth Bill was named in the King's Speech of May 2026 (see Part 2.2, 2026-05-13); no bill page was opened.","composition":"","parent":"Department for Business, Innovation, Science and Trade","parent_research":"Department for Business, Innovation, Science and Trade","relationships":"","notes":"Added or updated by Supplement 1 (edition 2.1).","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://qna.files.parliament.uk/qnadailyreports/Written-Questions-Answers-Statements-Daily-Report-Commons-2026-10-22.pdf"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://qna.files.parliament.uk/qnadailyreports/Written-Questions-Answers-Statements-Daily-Report-Commons-2026-10-22.pdf","quotes":["potential constitutional implications of powers to disapply sectoral regulation through the AI Growth Lab","Through the upcoming Regulating for Growth Bill, the Government will create new cross-economy sandbox powers"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts (government statements on AI legislation)","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":"Kanishka Narayan MP, Minister for Artificial Intelligence","established":"2026-10-22","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"bill","stage":"announced (Regulating for Growth Bill), not found as introduced","stage_date":"2026-10-22","sponsor":"Department for Business, Innovation, Science and Trade","applies_to":"regulators; firms testing AI products in sandboxes"},"topics":["regulation and standards","investment and growth"],"confidence":"single_source","confidence_raw":"single_source","one_source":true,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-BIST-040","name":"Advisory AI Growth Lab: legal services (regulatory sandbox)","page":"bist","href":"../../bist/#org=GOV-BIST-040","page_label":"BIST"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-050","ids":["GOV-PARL-050"]},{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-BIST-040 (Advisory AI Growth Lab: legal services)","ids":["GOV-BIST-040"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":1,"related_ids":["GOV-PARL-050"]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-052","name":"Police Reform Bill — legal framework for police facial recognition (planned)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"planned","status":"planned — 2026-06-10","function":"Ministers say a Police Reform Bill will set \"guardrails\" for live facial recognition and create a legal framework for law-enforcement use of these technologies, with a single expert oversight body. No bill page or introduction date was found; the exact title is as used by ministers.","composition":"","parent":"Home Office","parent_research":"Home Office","relationships":"","notes":"","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/policing-minister-on-the-launch-of-policeai","https://westminsterbrief.co.uk/archive/pq/7728"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/policing-minister-on-the-launch-of-policeai","quotes":["We're also, through the Police Reform Bill, setting the parameters of what we use live facial recognition for,"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://westminsterbrief.co.uk/archive/pq/7728","quotes":["The Police Reform Bill will introduce a new legal framework to underpin law enforcement use of these technologies"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":"Sarah Jones MP, Crime and Policing Minister (speech of 10 June 2026)","established":null,"location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"bill","stage":"announced, not found as introduced","stage_date":"2026-06-10","sponsor":"Home Office","applies_to":"police forces using facial recognition"},"topics":["policing and justice","regulation and standards"],"confidence":"single_source","confidence_raw":"single_source","one_source":true,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-PARL-029","name":"Joint Committee on Human Rights — letter to the Home Secretary on facial recognition technology (19 March 2026)","page":"parliament/joint-committees","href":"../../parliament/joint-committees/#org=GOV-PARL-029","page_label":"Joint committees"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-029","ids":["GOV-PARL-029"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":0,"related_ids":[]},{"id":"GOV-PARL-055","name":"Employment Rights Act 2025 (no AI provisions found)","type":"Rules and law","category":"Bills and Acts","affiliation":"Group page (Commons, Lords, joint committees, bills, POST, APPG, NAO and PAC)","status_group":"current","status":"current — 2025-12-18","function":"Royal Assent 18 December 2025. No Part or section heading mentions AI, algorithms, automated decision-making, surveillance or monitoring. Recorded so the site can show that this Act does not regulate algorithmic management.","composition":"","parent":"Parliament (government bill; DBT, now BIST)","parent_research":"Parliament (government bill; DBT, now BIST)","relationships":"","notes":"","checked":"2026-10-28","website":[],"sources":["https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025/36/introduction","https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025/36/contents"],"source_quotes":[{"url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025/36/introduction","quotes":["Employment Rights Act 2025","2025 CHAPTER 36","[18th December 2025]"],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":""},{"url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025/36/contents","quotes":[],"accessed":"2026-10-28","secondary":false,"raw":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025/36/contents — no heading on AI, algorithms or automated decision-making (accessed 2026-10-28)"}],"bucket":"rule","depts":[{"dept":"Department-wide","div":"department-wide"}],"colleges":[],"directorate":"Bills and Acts","previous_parent":null,"parent_changed":null,"head":null,"established":"2025-12-18","location":null,"money":null,"supplier_id_guess":null,"system":null,"rule":{"kind":"act","stage":"Royal Assent","stage_date":"2025-12-18","sponsor":"UK Parliament (government bill)","applies_to":"employers and workers"},"topics":["employment and the labour market"],"confidence":"single_source","confidence_raw":"single_source","one_source":true,"as_of":"2026-10-28","rec_table":[],"ext_links":[{"kind":"related","id":"GOV-PARL-020","name":"Business, Innovation, Science and Trade Committee — \"Artificial Intelligence, business and the future of the workforce\"","page":"parliament/commons-committees","href":"../../parliament/commons-committees/#org=GOV-PARL-020","page_label":"Commons committees"}],"link_texts":[{"kind":"related","target":"GOV-PARL-020","ids":["GOV-PARL-020"]}],"div_label":"Department-wide","degree":0,"related_ids":[]}],"links":[{"source":"GOV-PARL-040","target":"GOV-PARL-041","kind":"succeeded_by","evidence":"GOV-PARL-040 links: succeeded_by → GOV-PARL-041"},{"source":"GOV-PARL-041","target":"GOV-PARL-050","kind":"related","evidence":"GOV-PARL-041 links: related → GOV-PARL-050"},{"source":"GOV-PARL-044","target":"GOV-PARL-042","kind":"related","evidence":"GOV-PARL-044 links: related → GOV-PARL-042"},{"source":"GOV-PARL-050","target":"GOV-PARL-091","kind":"related","evidence":"GOV-PARL-050 links: related → GOV-PARL-091"},{"source":"GOV-PARL-050","target":"GOV-PARL-092","kind":"related","evidence":"GOV-PARL-050 links: related → GOV-PARL-092"},{"source":"GOV-PARL-050","target":"GOV-PARL-093","kind":"related","evidence":"GOV-PARL-050 links: related → GOV-PARL-093"},{"source":"GOV-PARL-092","target":"GOV-PARL-042","kind":"related","evidence":"GOV-PARL-092 links: related → GOV-PARL-042"}],"placement_method":{"root":13}}