{
 "as_of": "2026-10-29",
 "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS)",
 "fx_url": "https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/boeapps/database/",
 "rows": [
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5015",
   "date": "2026-10-26",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5011 SWI Compute",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5011",
   "counterparty": "NVIDIA (BIZ-BIG-014)",
   "amount": 1000000000,
   "amount_text": "1000000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "SWI Compute launched with about $1bn of NVIDIA systems on order and a 30 MW UK AI factory as its first site. Buys or funds: About $1bn of NVIDIA systems; UK first phase 30 MW, ~7,000 Rubin GPUs, online by end-2027. Other investors: Delta Computers (integrator).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/swi-compute-emerges-from-stealth-to-turn-gigawatts-of-power-into-nvidia-ai-factories-starting-in-europe-302918810.html — \"an AI & infrastructure provider based in Europe.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/swi-compute-emerges-from-stealth-to-turn-gigawatts-of-power-into-nvidia-ai-factories-starting-in-europe-302918810.html"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-10-26",
   "date_sort": "2026-10-26",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 749232037,
   "fx_rate": 1.3347,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.3347 per £ on 2026-10-26",
   "fx_date": "2026-10-26",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "US$1bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£749.2m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3024",
   "date": "2026-10-14",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "capacity_contract",
   "company_text": "Civo",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-001",
   "counterparty": "Starling (bank)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "not disclosed",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Civo says Starling is the first bank to train an AI model on UK sovereign cloud. Buys or funds: Training an AI model on Civo's UK sovereign cloud (details not read; article page blocked). (Company headline only.)",
   "sources_text": "https://www.civo.com/newsroom — \"Starling becomes first bank to train AI model on UK sovereign cloud\" (link text)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.civo.com/newsroom"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-10-14",
   "date_sort": "2026-10-14",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "not disclosed",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "not disclosed",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4025",
   "date": "2026-10-14",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "capacity_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-001 Civo",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-001",
   "counterparty": "Starling (bank)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Civo said Starling became the first bank to train an AI model on a UK sovereign cloud. Buys or funds: AI model training on Civo's UK sovereign cloud (headline only; detail page could not be opened). (Company headline only.)",
   "sources_text": "https://www.civo.com/newsroom — \"Starling becomes first bank to train AI model on UK sovereign cloud\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.civo.com/newsroom"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-10-14",
   "date_sort": "2026-10-14",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3034",
   "date": "2026-10-12",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "StackHPC",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2081",
   "counterparty": "University of Sussex",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "not disclosed",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "StackHPC built the University of Sussex's Artemis platform. Buys or funds: Artemis research computing platform on OpenStack and Kubernetes.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.stackhpc.com/ — \"The next revolution in research computing is the transformation to cloud.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.stackhpc.com/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-10-12 (case study date)",
   "date_sort": "2026-10-12",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "not disclosed",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "not disclosed",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-009",
   "date": "2026-10-07",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "major_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-021 Behavox–Civo",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-021",
   "counterparty": "Behavox",
   "amount": 8000000,
   "amount_text": "8000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Behavox commits $8m to dedicated UK GPU capacity at Civo.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.civo.com/newsroom/behavox-signs-8-million-gpu-commitment — \"$8 million commitment\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.civo.com/newsroom/behavox-signs-8-million-gpu-commitment"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-10-07",
   "date_sort": "2026-10-07",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 6051437,
   "fx_rate": 1.322,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.322 per £ on 2026-10-07",
   "fx_date": "2026-10-07",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "US$8m",
   "gbp_txt": "£6.1m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3021",
   "date": "2026-09-21",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "site_opening",
   "company_text": "Fluidstack",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-002",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "4000000000 (first phase)",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Fluidstack began building a $4bn, 1.5GW first phase in the Rio Grande Valley. Buys or funds: Construction start at Cameron County, Texas: up to 1.5GW first phase; more than 2,500 construction jobs.",
   "sources_text": "https://fluidstack.io/community/building-compute-in-cameron-county — \"This is planned to support up to 1.5 GW of capacity.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://fluidstack.io/community/building-compute-in-cameron-county"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-09-21",
   "date_sort": "2026-09-21",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "4000000000 (first phase)",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "4000000000 (first phase) USD",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4024",
   "date": "2026-07-23",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-001 Civo",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-001",
   "counterparty": "NVIDIA",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Civo said it would be among the first to host NVIDIA's Vera Rubin systems in the UK. Buys or funds: Hosting NVIDIA Vera Rubin systems for UK sovereign infrastructure (headline only; detail page could not be opened).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.civo.com/newsroom — \"Civo becomes one of the first to host NVIDIA Vera Rubin, in support of sovereign UK infrastructure\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.civo.com/newsroom"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-07-23",
   "date_sort": "2026-07-23",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-008",
   "date": "2026-07-22",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "major_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-025 Vodafone–Cosine",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-025",
   "counterparty": "Cosine (BIZ-SW-014)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Memorandum of understanding on a UK sovereign frontier model to be trained on Isambard-AI.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.vodafone.co.uk/newscentre/press-release/vodafone-business-cosine-coalition-sovereign-frontier-ai-model/ — \"will explore opportunities to contribute its expertise in secure digital infrastructure\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.vodafone.co.uk/newscentre/press-release/vodafone-business-cosine-coalition-sovereign-frontier-ai-model/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-07-22",
   "date_sort": "2026-07-22",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3026",
   "date": "2026-06-25",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "asset_financing",
   "company_text": "NexGen Cloud",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-004",
   "counterparty": "USD.AI (developed by Permian Labs)",
   "amount": 34000000,
   "amount_text": "34000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "USD.AI lent $34m against NexGen Cloud's B200 GPUs in Sweden. Buys or funds: Three-year non-recourse debt facility for an NVIDIA B200 fleet in Sweden, sold through Hyperstack.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.nexgencloud.com/news/usd.ai-provides-34m-facility-to-finance-nexgen-clouds-gpu-deployment-in-sweden — \"Later this year, we will be deploying 4,500 NVIDIA B300 GPUs in our new EU2 data centre in Finland\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.nexgencloud.com/news/usd.ai-provides-34m-facility-to-finance-nexgen-clouds-gpu-deployment-in-sweden"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-06-25",
   "date_sort": "2026-06-25",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 25753674,
   "fx_rate": 1.3202,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.3202 per £ on 2026-06-25",
   "fx_date": "2026-06-25",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "US$34m",
   "gbp_txt": "£25.8m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4023",
   "date": "2026-06-25",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "debt_financing",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-004 NexGen Cloud",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-004",
   "counterparty": "USD.AI (Permian Labs)",
   "amount": 34000000,
   "amount_text": "34000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "NexGen Cloud borrowed $34m against its B200 GPUs in Sweden without giving up equity. Buys or funds: Three-year, non-recourse facility secured on a fleet of NVIDIA B200 GPUs and their contracted cash flows; site in Sweden (outside the UK).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.nexgencloud.com/news/usd.ai-provides-34m-facility-to-finance-nexgen-clouds-gpu-deployment-in-sweden — \"USD.AI's facility lets us move fast, preserve equity\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.nexgencloud.com/news/usd.ai-provides-34m-facility-to-finance-nexgen-clouds-gpu-deployment-in-sweden"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-06-25",
   "date_sort": "2026-06-25",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 25753674,
   "fx_rate": 1.3202,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.3202 per £ on 2026-06-25",
   "fx_date": "2026-06-25",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "US$34m",
   "gbp_txt": "£25.8m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6016",
   "date": "2026-06-22",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "University of Southampton",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6008",
   "counterparty": "Lenovo (BIZ-INV-2158)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "7000000 (approx., initial order)",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Southampton picks Lenovo as HPC supplier; first order about £7m for summer 2026. Buys or funds: Lenovo SR675 V3 servers with NVIDIA H200; four-year preferred-supplier framework. Other investors: NVIDIA (GPUs).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.southampton.ac.uk/news/2026/06/new-partnership-to-enhance-southamptons-highperformance-computing.page — \"secured an initial order valued at approximately £7 million, with delivery planned over summer 2026.\"; https://news.lenovo.com/pressroom/press-releases/lenovo-university-of-southampton-hpc-partnership/ — \"Under a four-year framework agreement, Lenovo will serve as the University's preferred supplier for HPC infrastructure\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.southampton.ac.uk/news/2026/06/new-partnership-to-enhance-southamptons-highperformance-computing.page",
    "https://news.lenovo.com/pressroom/press-releases/lenovo-university-of-southampton-hpc-partnership/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-06-22",
   "date_sort": "2026-06-22",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "7000000 (approx., initial order)",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "7000000 (approx., initial order) GBP",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6044",
   "date": "2026-06-10",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Next National Supercomputing Service",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-020",
   "counterparty": "DSIT",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "400000000 (up to; inside the £750m)",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "DSIT sets aside up to £400m of the £750m for AI chips. Buys or funds: Next-generation AI chips for the national supercomputer.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update — \"up to £400 million to purchase next generation AI chips\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-06-10",
   "date_sort": "2026-06-10",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "400000000 (up to; inside the £750m)",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "400000000 (up to; inside the £750m) GBP",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-007",
   "date": "2026-06-09",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "major_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-022 Civo–Era4",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-022",
   "counterparty": "Era4 (BIZ-CLD-006)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Civo software to run on Era4's AI sites (NVIDIA HGX B300).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.civo.com/newsroom/civo-era4-uk-sovereign-ai-stack — \"fully Kubernetes-enabled, cloud-native AI platform\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.civo.com/newsroom/civo-era4-uk-sovereign-ai-stack"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-06-09",
   "date_sort": "2026-06-09",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-015",
   "date": "2026-06-08",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-018 AIRR national AI supercomputer",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-018",
   "counterparty": "UK Government (DSIT)",
   "amount": 750000000,
   "amount_text": "750000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "£750m national AI supercomputer under the AI Hardware Plan, incl. £150m advance chip purchase commitment.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/expression-of-interest-airr-heterogeneous-supercomputer-host-site-selection/expression-of-interest-airr-heterogeneous-supercomputer-host-site-selection — \"The anticipated budget for the system build is £750m.\"; https://www.gov.uk/government/news/a-decisive-shift-to-power-british-ai-new-11-billion-plan-to-back-chip-firms-boost-computing-power-and-skills-for-the-ai-revolution — \"ready access to compute is critical\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/expression-of-interest-airr-heterogeneous-supercomputer-host-site-selection/expression-of-interest-airr-heterogeneous-supercomputer-host-site-selection",
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/a-decisive-shift-to-power-british-ai-new-11-billion-plan-to-back-chip-firms-boost-computing-power-and-skills-for-the-ai-revolution"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-06-08",
   "date_sort": "2026-06-08",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 750000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£750m",
   "gbp_txt": "£750m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3023",
   "date": "2026-05-22",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "Civo",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-001",
   "counterparty": "Arupa Cloud Nusantara",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "not disclosed",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Civo's platform is coming to Indonesia through Arupa Cloud Nusantara. Buys or funds: Sovereign cloud platform for Indonesia; Jakarta launch on 2026-10-23.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.civo.com/blog/october-2026-newsletter — \"The official Indonesia launch is 23 October 2026\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.civo.com/blog/october-2026-newsletter"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-05-22",
   "date_sort": "2026-05-22",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "not disclosed",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "not disclosed",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3027",
   "date": "2026-05-19",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "uk_office_opening",
   "company_text": "NexGen Cloud",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-004",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "NexGen Cloud opened a new City of London head office and named four senior hires. Buys or funds: New headquarters in the City of London; CFO, CRO, Head of Risk and Compliance and Head of Partnerships appointed.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.nexgencloud.com/news/nexgen-cloud-continues-uk-commitment-with-new-london-hq-executive-appointments-and-ambitious-hiring-plans — \"NexGen Cloud today announces the opening of a new headquarters in the City of London.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.nexgencloud.com/news/nexgen-cloud-continues-uk-commitment-with-new-london-hq-executive-appointments-and-ambitious-hiring-plans"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-05-19",
   "date_sort": "2026-05-19",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-006",
   "date": "2026-04-23",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "major_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-024 BT–Nscale",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-024",
   "counterparty": "BT; Nscale (BIZ-DC-001); NVIDIA",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Nscale to build up to 14MW of AI data centres at three BT sites.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.nscale.com/press-releases/nscale-and-bt — \"up to 14 megawatts of AI data centre infrastructure\"; https://thenextweb.com/news/bt-nscale-nvidia-14mw-sovereign-ai-data-centres-uk — \"announced on 23 April 2026\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.nscale.com/press-releases/nscale-and-bt",
    "https://thenextweb.com/news/bt-nscale-nvidia-14mw-sovereign-ai-data-centres-uk"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-04-23",
   "date_sort": "2026-04-23",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5006",
   "date": "2026-04-20",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5004 OCF",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5004",
   "counterparty": "Xinnor",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "OCF agreed to bring Xinnor's software-defined storage to UK customers. Buys or funds: UK distribution of xiSTORE and xiNAS storage software.",
   "sources_text": "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/ — \"OCF Limited and Xinnor Partner to Bring Enterprise-Grade Storage Solutions to the UK Market\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-04-20",
   "date_sort": "2026-04-20",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6043",
   "date": "2026-04-20",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "OCF",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5004",
   "counterparty": "Xinnor",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "OCF to distribute Xinnor storage in the UK. Buys or funds: UK distribution of xiSTORE and xiNAS storage.",
   "sources_text": "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/ — \"OCF Limited and Xinnor Partner to Bring Enterprise-Grade Storage Solutions to the UK Market\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-04-20",
   "date_sort": "2026-04-20",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3022",
   "date": "2026-04-14",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "Civo",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-001",
   "counterparty": "Locai Labs (BIZ-LAB-2008)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "not disclosed",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Civo and Locai Labs agreed to build UK sovereign language models. Buys or funds: Project Mercury memorandum (BIZ-CLD-3011): sovereign pre-trained models of 0.8–30bn and 256bn parameters on Civo's UK Sovereign Cloud.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.civo.com/newsroom/locai-labs-and-civo-unveil-project-mercury-the-uks-first-family-of-sovereign-frontier-models — \"This partnership is a pivotal moment for UK AI.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.civo.com/newsroom/locai-labs-and-civo-unveil-project-mercury-the-uks-first-family-of-sovereign-frontier-models"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-04-14",
   "date_sort": "2026-04-14",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "not disclosed",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "not disclosed",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4022",
   "date": "2026-04-14",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-4002 Locai Labs–Civo Project Mercury",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-4002",
   "counterparty": "Locai Labs (BIZ-LAB-2008)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Civo and Locai Labs signed a memorandum to build and host UK sovereign AI models. Buys or funds: UK-trained sovereign model family, 0.8–30bn and 256bn parameters, hosted on Civo's UK cloud or on-premise.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.civo.com/newsroom/locai-labs-and-civo-unveil-project-mercury-the-uks-first-family-of-sovereign-frontier-models — \"Civo is proud to announce the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Locai Labs\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.civo.com/newsroom/locai-labs-and-civo-unveil-project-mercury-the-uks-first-family-of-sovereign-frontier-models"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-04-14",
   "date_sort": "2026-04-14",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-BIG-037",
   "date": "2026-04-09",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "pause",
   "company_text": "Stargate UK (BIZ-BIG-002)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-002",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "OpenAI puts Stargate UK on hold over energy costs and regulation",
   "sources_text": "https://www.cityam.com/openai-pauses-stargate-uk-project-over-energy-costs-and-regulation/ — \"has been put on hold as it reassesses the conditions needed for long-term investment.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.cityam.com/openai-pauses-stargate-uk-project-over-energy-costs-and-regulation/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "big-tech",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-04-09",
   "date_sort": "2026-04-09",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4021",
   "date": "2026-03-27",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-4004 HMRC–AWS server migration contract / BIZ-BIG-013 Amazon Web Services (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-4004",
   "counterparty": "HM Revenue and Customs",
   "amount": 473000000,
   "amount_text": "473000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "HMRC awarded AWS a reported £473m ten-year cloud migration contract. Buys or funds: Ten-year move of HMRC servers from three Fujitsu data centres to AWS; AWS was the sole remaining bidder. (General cloud hosting, not AI compute.)",
   "sources_text": "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/366640606/Flaws-in-government-procurement-show-in-HMRC-473m-AWS-award (trade) — \"seeking to appoint a hyperscaler to manage the migration of servers from the current on-premise solution\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/366640606/Flaws-in-government-procurement-show-in-HMRC-473m-AWS-award"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-03-27",
   "date_sort": "2026-03-27",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 473000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£473m",
   "gbp_txt": "£473m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true,
   "tag": "general cloud"
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5005",
   "date": "2026-03-09",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "Newcastle University",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "BIZ-CLD-5004 OCF",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Newcastle University deployed the Comet HPC system with OCF. Buys or funds: Lenovo servers, NVIDIA GPUs, Lustre storage. Other investors: Lenovo (hardware).",
   "sources_text": "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/ — \"Driving ever more ambitious research at Newcastle University\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-03-09",
   "date_sort": "2026-03-09",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6026",
   "date": "2026-03-09",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "site_opening",
   "company_text": "Newcastle University (Comet, BIZ-CLD-6018)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6018",
   "counterparty": "OCF (BIZ-CLD-6001); Lenovo (BIZ-INV-2158)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "OCF case study on Newcastle's Comet system. Buys or funds: Lenovo and NVIDIA HPC system with Lustre. Other investors: NVIDIA.",
   "sources_text": "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/ — \"Driving ever more ambitious research at Newcastle University\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-03-09",
   "date_sort": "2026-03-09",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4017",
   "date": "2026-02-26",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "compute_grant",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-2018 UKRI National Compute Resources (NCR)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2018",
   "counterparty": "UKRI",
   "amount": 76000000,
   "amount_text": "76000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "UKRI put £76m into four new national research computers, two of them GPU systems. Buys or funds: Four NCR systems: Birmingham (GPU), Cambridge (GPU), Edinburgh (CPU), UCL (CPU); equipment plus five years of service to 2031.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ukri.org/news/new-national-computing-resources-to-open-doors-for-researchers/ — \"has announced a £76 million investment to launch four new national compute resources\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ukri.org/news/new-national-computing-resources-to-open-doors-for-researchers/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-02-26",
   "date_sort": "2026-02-26",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 76000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£76m",
   "gbp_txt": "£76m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6013",
   "date": "2026-02-26",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "compute_grant",
   "company_text": "Charger",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6019",
   "counterparty": "UKRI",
   "amount": 19500000,
   "amount_text": "19500000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "UCL-led NCR award (UKRI quote on same page gives £19.4m). Buys or funds: Equipment and five years of service to 2031; more than 37,000 CPU cores. Other investors: HPE (supplier); DataVita (host).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2026/feb/ucl-host-ps195m-supercomputing-facility — \"A UCL-led team will receive £19.5 million over five years to provide a powerful, high-speed computing resource\"; https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/scotlands-datavita-to-host-supercomputer-for-londons-ucl/ (trade) — \"The HPE/Cray-based Charger system will comprise more than 37,000 CPU cores.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2026/feb/ucl-host-ps195m-supercomputing-facility",
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/scotlands-datavita-to-host-supercomputer-for-londons-ucl/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-02-26",
   "date_sort": "2026-02-26",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 19500000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£19.5m",
   "gbp_txt": "£19.5m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6011",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "compute_grant",
   "company_text": "UKRI National Compute Resources",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2018",
   "counterparty": "UKRI",
   "amount": 76000000,
   "amount_text": "76000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "UKRI's first major Compute Roadmap investment; NCRs to run by Autumn 2026. Buys or funds: Four NCRs: Edinburgh (Cirrus), Birmingham (Baskerville), Cambridge (GPU system), UCL (Charger).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ed.ac.uk/news/step-change-for-uks-digital-horsepower — \"The £76m investment from UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) is set to enhance the UK's computing and AI capability.\"; https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/scotlands-datavita-to-host-supercomputer-for-londons-ucl/ (trade) — \"In total, the UKRI has announced £76m ($102.3m) in investment to launch four new national compute resources (NCRs).\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ed.ac.uk/news/step-change-for-uks-digital-horsepower",
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/scotlands-datavita-to-host-supercomputer-for-londons-ucl/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-02-25",
   "date_sort": "2026-02-25",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 76000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£76m",
   "gbp_txt": "£76m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6012",
   "date": "2026-02-25",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "compute_grant",
   "company_text": "Cirrus",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2002",
   "counterparty": "UKRI",
   "amount": 19500000,
   "amount_text": "19500000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "NCR award to enhance and expand Cirrus. Buys or funds: Expansion of the CPU-only Cirrus system at EPCC.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ed.ac.uk/news/step-change-for-uks-digital-horsepower — \"In Edinburgh, £19.5 million investment will enhance and expand the reach of Cirrus\"; https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/scotlands-datavita-to-host-supercomputer-for-londons-ucl/ (trade) — \"At the University of Edinburgh, a £19.5m investment will “enhance and expand the reach of Cirrus,”\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ed.ac.uk/news/step-change-for-uks-digital-horsepower",
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/scotlands-datavita-to-host-supercomputer-for-londons-ucl/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-02-25",
   "date_sort": "2026-02-25",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 19500000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£19.5m",
   "gbp_txt": "£19.5m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3028",
   "date": "2026-02-24",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "merger",
   "company_text": "Ori",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-003",
   "counterparty": "Radiant (BIZ-CLD-3006), a Brookfield portfolio company",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "not disclosed",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Ori merged into Brookfield-backed Radiant. Buys or funds: Joins Ori's AI cloud platform with Radiant's powered land and capital; Radiant to keep running the Ori Global AI Cloud. Other investors: Brookfield AI Infrastructure Fund (BAIIF).",
   "sources_text": "https://radiant.co/press-release-launch — \"We could not be more excited to continue the Ori journey through Radiant,\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://radiant.co/press-release-launch"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-02-24",
   "date_sort": "2026-02-24",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "not disclosed",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "not disclosed",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2024",
   "date": "2026-02",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "grant",
   "company_text": "ARIA Scaling Inference Lab",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2047",
   "counterparty": "ARIA",
   "amount": 50000000,
   "amount_text": "50000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "ARIA investment in a new lab on scaling AI inference.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update — \"a £50 million investment in a new 'Scaling Inference Lab'\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-02",
   "date_sort": "2026-02-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 50000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£50m",
   "gbp_txt": "£50m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6014",
   "date": "2026-02",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "compute_grant",
   "company_text": "Baskerville GPU National Compute Resource",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2017",
   "counterparty": "UKRI",
   "amount": 18000000,
   "amount_text": "18000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Birmingham's NCR award to host the Baskerville GPU resource. Buys or funds: Liquid-cooled, GPU-centric Lenovo system, launch 2027. Other investors: Lenovo (supplier).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/scotlands-datavita-to-host-supercomputer-for-londons-ucl/ (trade) — \"The University of Birmingham has secured £18m ($24.2m) to host the Baskerville National Compute Resource.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/scotlands-datavita-to-host-supercomputer-for-londons-ucl/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-02",
   "date_sort": "2026-02-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 18000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£18m",
   "gbp_txt": "£18m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2025",
   "date": "2026-01-26",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "grant",
   "company_text": "Zenith, University of Cambridge",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-017",
   "counterparty": "DSIT",
   "amount": 36000000,
   "amount_text": "36000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Investment in Cambridge AI compute: Sector Plan calls it the new Zenith supercomputer; the 26 January 2026 release describes a sixfold Dawn expansion with Dell and AMD MI355X GPUs.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update — \"announced a £36 million investment in the new Zenith supercomputer\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-01-26",
   "date_sort": "2026-01-26",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 36000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£36m",
   "gbp_txt": "£36m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-003",
   "date": "2026-01",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "funding_round",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-002 Fluidstack",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-002",
   "counterparty": "Situational Awareness",
   "amount": 830000000,
   "amount_text": "830000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": "7500000000 USD",
   "summary": "Series A at a $7.5bn valuation.",
   "sources_text": "https://fluidstack.io/news/series-a-announcement — \"$830M Series A\" … \"$7.5B valuation\" … \"Led by Situational Awareness\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://fluidstack.io/news/series-a-announcement"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026-01",
   "date_sort": "2026-01-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 617054494,
   "fx_rate": 1.3451,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.3451 per £ on 2025-12-31",
   "fx_date": "2025-12-31",
   "fx_note": "month only given: rate for the 1st",
   "txt": "US$830m",
   "gbp_txt": "£617.1m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2023",
   "date": "2026",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "grant",
   "company_text": "UKAEA fusion energy supercomputer",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2033",
   "counterparty": "DSIT / UK Atomic Energy Authority",
   "amount": 45000000,
   "amount_text": "45000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Funding to build a supercomputer for fusion energy research, due later in 2026.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update — \"£45 million to build the world's most powerful supercomputer dedicated to fusion energy\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update/digital-and-technologies-sector-plan-year-one-update"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026",
   "date_sort": "2026-00-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 45000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£45m",
   "gbp_txt": "£45m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5028",
   "date": "2026",
   "year": "2026",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5015 ANS",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5015",
   "counterparty": "UK businesses (recipients)",
   "amount": 3000000,
   "amount_text": "3000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "ANS announced £3m of funding for UK businesses' AI transformation projects. Buys or funds: AI transformation projects via ANS AI workshops.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ans.co.uk/data-ai/ai-powerhouse/ — \"delighted to announce £3 million of funding\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ans.co.uk/data-ai/ai-powerhouse/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2026 (page modified 2026-06-22)",
   "date_sort": "2026-00-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 3000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£3m",
   "gbp_txt": "£3m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6020",
   "date": "2025-12-11",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "University of Leeds (Calder, BIZ-CLD-6011)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6011",
   "counterparty": "MTI (BIZ-CLD-6004)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Leeds buys its next HPC from MTI on Dell hardware. Buys or funds: 56 NVIDIA H200; 12,228 AMD cores; 5.4 PB Lustre. Other investors: Dell Technologies (hardware); Cambridge Research Computing (support).",
   "sources_text": "https://arc.leeds.ac.uk/knowledge-centre/calder-unveiled/ — \"MTI won the tender with Dell hardware and service and support from Cambridge Research Computing.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://arc.leeds.ac.uk/knowledge-centre/calder-unveiled/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-12-11",
   "date_sort": "2025-12-11",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5020",
   "date": "2025-12-03",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "Argyll–SambaNova sovereign AI inference cloud",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2050",
   "counterparty": "SambaNova",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Argyll and SambaNova set a Q1 2026 launch for a UK sovereign inference cloud on SambaNova hardware. Buys or funds: SambaRack SN40-16 inference platform in existing UK data centres. Other investors: Argyll Data Development (BIZ-CLD-2049).",
   "sources_text": "https://sambanova.ai/blog/argyll-qna — \"Launching Q1 2026.\" / https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/argyll-and-sambanova-launch-sovereign-ai-cloud-in-the-uk/ (trade) — \"Sovereignty in AI is not a label you can apply to a contract or a colocation agreement.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://sambanova.ai/blog/argyll-qna"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-12-03 (launch stated Q1 2026)",
   "date_sort": "2025-12-03",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6031",
   "date": "2025-12-03",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "Hartree Centre",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2028",
   "counterparty": "Quantum Dice",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Collaboration agreement and Joint Statement of Endeavour. Buys or funds: QRNG use cases; probabilistic computing validation (BIZ-CLD-6027).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/news/2025/12/03/stfc-hartree-centre-and-quantum-dice-join-forces-to-bring-quantum-technology-to-industry/ — \"a key part of the Hartree Centre's five-year plan\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/news/2025/12/03/stfc-hartree-centre-and-quantum-dice-join-forces-to-bring-quantum-technology-to-industry/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-12-03",
   "date_sort": "2025-12-03",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-014",
   "date": "2025-11-21",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "major_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-019 AIRR cloud compute",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-019",
   "counterparty": "DSIT (buyer)",
   "amount": 250000000,
   "amount_text": "250000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Preliminary market notice to rent cloud GPUs for the AIRR, est. £250m inc VAT; no award.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.find-tender.service.gov.uk/Notice/081657-2025 — \"This notice is solely for the purpose of engaging the market to gather information.\"; https://delivery.ai.gov.uk/2/ — \"invest up to £250 million over the next 4 years in cloud GPUs\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.find-tender.service.gov.uk/Notice/081657-2025",
    "https://delivery.ai.gov.uk/2/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-11-21",
   "date_sort": "2025-11-21",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 250000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£250m",
   "gbp_txt": "£250m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-DC-2006",
   "date": "2025-11-20",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "AI Pathfinder",
   "company_id": "BIZ-DC-027",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 150000000,
   "amount_text": "150,000,000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Initial GPU deployment in Northamptonshire, part of £18bn over five years.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ai-to-power-national-renewal-as-government-announces-billions-of-additional-investment-and-new-plans-to-boost-uk-businesses-jobs-and-innovation — \"£150 million GPU deployment in Northamptonshire\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ai-to-power-national-renewal-as-government-announces-billions-of-additional-investment-and-new-plans-to-boost-uk-businesses-jobs-and-innovation"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "data-centres",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-11-20",
   "date_sort": "2025-11-20",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 150000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£150m",
   "gbp_txt": "£150m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4015",
   "date": "2025-11-20",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-2089 Advanced Market Commitment for AI inference hardware",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2089",
   "counterparty": "DSIT",
   "amount": 100000000,
   "amount_text": "100000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "The government said it would spend up to £100m buying AI chips from UK start-ups as their first customer. Buys or funds: Government as \"first customer\" for UK AI hardware from start-ups; \"up to\" £100m (later described as £150m, see Depth).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ai-to-power-national-renewal-as-government-announces-billions-of-additional-investment-and-new-plans-to-boost-uk-businesses-jobs-and-innovation — \"The new “advance market commitment” is backed up by up to £100 million of government support\"; https://delivery.ai.gov.uk/2/ — \"spending up to £100 million\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ai-to-power-national-renewal-as-government-announces-billions-of-additional-investment-and-new-plans-to-boost-uk-businesses-jobs-and-innovation",
    "https://delivery.ai.gov.uk/2/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-11-20",
   "date_sort": "2025-11-20",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 100000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£100m",
   "gbp_txt": "£100m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3018",
   "date": "2025-11-12",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "capacity_contract",
   "company_text": "Fluidstack",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-002",
   "counterparty": "Anthropic",
   "amount": 50000000000,
   "amount_text": "50000000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Anthropic chose Fluidstack to build its own US data centres under a $50bn programme. Buys or funds: Custom data centres in New York and Texas, more sites planned, coming online through 2026; about 800 permanent and 2,400 construction jobs.",
   "sources_text": "https://fluidstack.io/news/fluidstack-selected-by-anthropic-to-deliver-custom-data-centers-in-the-us — \"Fluidstack is announcing a $50 billion American computing infrastructure deal with Anthropic\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://fluidstack.io/news/fluidstack-selected-by-anthropic-to-deliver-custom-data-centers-in-the-us"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-11-12",
   "date_sort": "2025-11-12",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 38080731150,
   "fx_rate": 1.313,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.313 per £ on 2025-11-12",
   "fx_date": "2025-11-12",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "US$50bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£38.08bn",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6007",
   "date": "2025-11-06",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "compute_grant",
   "company_text": "Pitchwise",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6007",
   "counterparty": "UKRI AI Research Resource",
   "amount": 25000,
   "amount_text": "25000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Bristol student spin-out given Isambard-AI time worth £25,000 for its football video AI. Buys or funds: 5,500 GPU hours on Isambard-AI. Other investors: Innovate UK (support).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2025/november/spin-out-supercomputer.html — \"5,500 graphic processing unit hours, valued at £25,000.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2025/november/spin-out-supercomputer.html"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-11-06",
   "date_sort": "2025-11-06",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 25000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£25,000",
   "gbp_txt": "£25,000",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5016",
   "date": "2025-11-04",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "site_opening",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5012 Microsoft 365 Copilot in-country data processing (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5012",
   "counterparty": "Microsoft",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Microsoft promised UK in-country Copilot processing by end-2025; on 2026-04-03 it moved the UK date to end-2026. Buys or funds: In-country processing of Copilot prompts in UK data centres.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/copilot/blog/2025/11/04/microsoft-offers-in-country-data-processing-to-15-countries-to-strengthen-sovereign-controls-for-microsoft-365-copilot/ — \"By the end of 2025\" / https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/microsoft-strengthens-sovereign-cloud-capabilities-with-new-services/ — \"Australia, India, Japan and the United Kingdom\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/copilot/blog/2025/11/04/microsoft-offers-in-country-data-processing-to-15-countries-to-strengthen-sovereign-controls-for-microsoft-365-copilot/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-11-04",
   "date_sort": "2025-11-04",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5011",
   "date": "2025-10-30",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "debt_financing",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5009 iomart Group plc",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5009",
   "counterparty": "RBS; HSBC; Clydesdale Bank (Virgin Money)",
   "amount": 115000000,
   "amount_text": "115000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "iomart renewed its £115m bank facility, running to June 2027. Buys or funds: Revolving credit facility to 2027-06-30; £97.5m drawn at 2025-09-30.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.iomart.com/investors/regulatory-announcements/news/35458444 — (figures from page; no verbatim quote captured) / https://www.iomart.com/media/1spcqa5x/iomart-half-yearly-results-2025.pdf — \"Productisation of AI Services\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.iomart.com/investors/regulatory-announcements/news/35458444"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-10-30 (renewal reported)",
   "date_sort": "2025-10-30",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 115000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£115m",
   "gbp_txt": "£115m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3033",
   "date": "2025-10-22",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "StackHPC",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2081",
   "counterparty": "6G AI (Sweden)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "not disclosed",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "StackHPC built 6G AI's Swedish AI cloud. Buys or funds: Design and deployment of a multi-tenant AI cloud on NVIDIA HGX H200 nodes (8 GPUs per node) in Sweden. Other investors: VAST Data (storage); NVIDIA (hardware).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.stackhpc.com/6gai-casestudy.html — \"Multi-tenant isolation is a critical requirement for 6G AI's business model.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.stackhpc.com/6gai-casestudy.html"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-10-22",
   "date_sort": "2025-10-22",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "not disclosed",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "not disclosed",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6036",
   "date": "2025-10-20",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "site_opening",
   "company_text": "Mary Coombs",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2056",
   "counterparty": "STFC Hartree Centre",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "STFC launches Mary Coombs at Daresbury. Buys or funds: 24.41 PF GPU-based AI system for industry.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/news/2025/10/20/stfc-launches-powerful-new-ai-supercomputer-for-industry/ — \"A 24.41 petaflop system, it can perform 24.41 quadrillion floating-point calculations per second.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/news/2025/10/20/stfc-launches-powerful-new-ai-supercomputer-for-industry/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-10-20",
   "date_sort": "2025-10-20",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4014",
   "date": "2025-10-15",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "capacity_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-2054 Nscale–Microsoft UK AI supercomputer, Loughton / BIZ-DC-001 Nscale",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2054",
   "counterparty": "Microsoft",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Nscale signed Microsoft for about 200,000 GB300 GPUs, including about 23,000 at its Loughton campus in Essex. Buys or funds: ~200,000 NVIDIA GB300 across Texas (~104,000), Narvik (~52,000), Loughton UK (~23,000, 50MW scalable to 90MW, from Q1 2027) and Sines (~12,600); value not disclosed. Other investors: Dell Technologies (collaborator); Aker ASA (Narvik joint venture).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.nscale.com/press-releases/nscale-microsoft-2025 — \"The 50MW facility, scalable to 90MW, will house approximately 23,000 NVIDIA GB300 GPUs\"; https://www.nscale.com/press-releases/nscale-uk-ai-infrastructure-announcement — \"initially house 23,040 NVIDIA GB300 GPUs delivered in Q1 of 2027\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.nscale.com/press-releases/nscale-microsoft-2025",
    "https://www.nscale.com/press-releases/nscale-uk-ai-infrastructure-announcement"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-10-15",
   "date_sort": "2025-10-15",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-013",
   "date": "2025-10-07",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "major_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-020 Next National Supercomputing Service",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-020",
   "counterparty": "UKRI (buyer)",
   "amount": 275000000,
   "amount_text": "275000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Preliminary market notice for the Edinburgh service, est. £275m ex VAT; no award.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.find-tender.service.gov.uk/Notice/062921-2025 — \"£275,000,000 excluding VAT\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.find-tender.service.gov.uk/Notice/062921-2025"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-10-07",
   "date_sort": "2025-10-07",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 275000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£275m",
   "gbp_txt": "£275m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3025",
   "date": "2025-09-29",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "merger",
   "company_text": "Civo",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-001",
   "counterparty": "ServerChoice (BIZ-CLD-3009)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "not disclosed",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Civo said it had integrated ServerChoice; whether this is an acquisition is not stated. Buys or funds: Integration of a UK data centre specialist into Civo.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.civo.com/newsroom/civo-built-for-more — \"Civo has confirmed the integration of ServerChoice, a UK-based data centre specialist.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.civo.com/newsroom/civo-built-for-more"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-29",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-29",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "not disclosed",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "not disclosed",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-DC-025",
   "date": "2025-09-17",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-DC-027 AI Pathfinder",
   "company_id": "BIZ-DC-027",
   "counterparty": "AI Pathfinder",
   "amount": 18400000000,
   "amount_text": "18400000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "AI Pathfinder announces up to £18.4bn for two UK data centres (Northamptonshire £3.4bn; North Ayrshire up to £15bn); Business Times reports £1bn for Northamptonshire.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/ai-pathfinder-plans-to-spend-184bn-on-two-uk-data-centers/ — \"up to £18.4 billion ($24.86bn)\"; https://business-times.co.uk/articles/technology/1bn-investment-set-to-put-northamptonshire-at-the-heart-of-ai-growth/ — \"£1 billion investment in artificial intelligence\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/ai-pathfinder-plans-to-spend-184bn-on-two-uk-data-centers/",
    "https://business-times.co.uk/articles/technology/1bn-investment-set-to-put-northamptonshire-at-the-heart-of-ai-growth/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "data-centres",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-17",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-17",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 18400000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£18.40bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£18.40bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2008",
   "date": "2025-09-17",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "CoreWeave (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-023",
   "counterparty": "DataVita (partner, Scotland)",
   "amount": 1500000000,
   "amount_text": "1500000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "AI data-centre capacity and operations in the UK, including work with DataVita in Scotland.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit — \"investing £1.5 billion in AI data centre capacity and operations in the UK\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-17",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-17",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 1500000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1.50bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1.50bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2009",
   "date": "2025-09-17",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Microsoft Azure UK regions",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-008",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 22000000000,
   "amount_text": "22000000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "$30bn (£22bn) for UK AI infrastructure and operations, including a supercomputer with Nscale.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit — \"a $30 billion (£22 billion) investment into AI infrastructure and ongoing operations\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-17",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-17",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 22000000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£22bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£22bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2011",
   "date": "2025-09-17",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Google Cloud London region (europe-west2)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-009",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 5000000000,
   "amount_text": "5000000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Google's £5bn UK investment, including opening its Waltham Cross data centre.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit — \"opening of its data centre in Waltham Cross, Hertfordshire\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-17",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-17",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 5000000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£5bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£5bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-BIG-023",
   "date": "2025-09-16",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "CoreWeave (UK) (BIZ-BIG-023)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-023",
   "counterparty": "DataVita",
   "amount": 1500000000,
   "amount_text": "1500000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "AI data-centre capacity and operations in the UK, incl. DataVita in Scotland",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/us-uk-pact-will-boost-advances-in-drug-discovery-create-tens-of-thousands-of-jobs-and-transform-lives — \"CoreWeave will be investing £1.5 billion in AI (artificial intelligence) data centre capacity and operations in the UK\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/us-uk-pact-will-boost-advances-in-drug-discovery-create-tens-of-thousands-of-jobs-and-transform-lives"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "big-tech",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-16",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 1500000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1.50bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1.50bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-BIG-025",
   "date": "2025-09-16",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Stargate UK (BIZ-BIG-002)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-002",
   "counterparty": "NVIDIA; Nscale",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "OpenAI to explore offtake of up to 8,000 GPUs in Q1 2026, up to 31,000 over time",
   "sources_text": "https://openai.com/index/introducing-stargate-uk/ — \"an AI infrastructure partnership with NVIDIA and Nscale\"; https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit — \"to establish Stargate UK to deliver new AI infrastructure in the UK.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://openai.com/index/introducing-stargate-uk/",
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "big-tech",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-16",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-BIG-2022",
   "date": "2025-09-16",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "CoreWeave (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-023",
   "counterparty": "DataVita",
   "amount": 1500000000,
   "amount_text": "1,500,000,000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "£1.5bn for UK AI data centre capacity and operations, including a Scottish data centre with DataVita.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit — \"AI cloud computing company CoreWeave will be investing £1.5 billion in AI data centre capacity and operations in the UK\"; https://www.gov.uk/government/news/us-uk-pact-will-boost-advances-in-drug-discovery-create-tens-of-thousands-of-jobs-and-transform-lives — \"partnering with British firm DataVita in Scotland\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit",
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/us-uk-pact-will-boost-advances-in-drug-discovery-create-tens-of-thousands-of-jobs-and-transform-lives"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "big-tech",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-16",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 1500000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1.50bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1.50bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-BIG-2027",
   "date": "2025-09-16",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Stargate UK (OpenAI, NVIDIA and Nscale)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-002",
   "counterparty": "OpenAI",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "— (up to 8,000 GPUs, first phase)",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Stargate UK's first phase: OpenAI to take up to 8,000 GPUs, possibly about 31,000 over time; sites include Cobalt Park.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/north-east-england-set-for-billions-in-investment-and-thousands-of-jobs-as-uk-and-us-ink-tech-partnership — \"The first phase will see OpenAI take up to 8,000 GPUs.\"; https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit — \"British firm Nscale, and leading American companies OpenAI and NVIDIA are partnering up to establish Stargate UK\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/north-east-england-set-for-billions-in-investment-and-thousands-of-jobs-as-uk-and-us-ink-tech-partnership",
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-150bn-investment-unveiled-during-us-state-visit"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "big-tech",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-16",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "— (up to 8,000 GPUs, first phase)",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "— (up to 8,000 GPUs, first phase)",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2015",
   "date": "2025-09-16",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Era4 (then Carbon3.ai)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-006",
   "counterparty": "HPE; Vast Data; WWT (technology partners)",
   "amount": 1000000000,
   "amount_text": "1000000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "£1bn growth plan for a UK sovereign AI platform scalable past 100,000 GPUs.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/carbon3ai-launches-uk-based-sovereign-ai-platform/ (trade) — \"A new sovereign AI platform has come to the UK.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/carbon3ai-launches-uk-based-sovereign-ai-platform/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-16",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 1000000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2029",
   "date": "2025-09-16",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "AI Pathfinder",
   "company_id": "BIZ-DC-027",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 1000000000,
   "amount_text": "1000000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Initial investment of over £1bn in AI compute capacity, starting in Northamptonshire.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/us-uk-pact-will-boost-advances-in-drug-discovery-create-tens-of-thousands-of-jobs-and-transform-lives — \"This will begin in Northamptonshire, with an initial investment of over £1 billion.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/us-uk-pact-will-boost-advances-in-drug-discovery-create-tens-of-thousands-of-jobs-and-transform-lives"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-16",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 1000000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4012",
   "date": "2025-09-16",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "capacity_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-4001 Nscale–NVIDIA DGX Cloud UK deployment",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "NVIDIA (DGX Cloud)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Nscale agreed to host 4,600 GB300 GPUs in the UK for NVIDIA's DGX Cloud. Buys or funds: 4,600 NVIDIA GB300 GPUs in the UK.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.nscale.com/press-releases/nscale-uk-ai-infrastructure-announcement — \"4,600 NVIDIA GB300 GPUs in partnership with NVIDIA DGX™ Cloud\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.nscale.com/press-releases/nscale-uk-ai-infrastructure-announcement"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-16",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4013",
   "date": "2025-09-16",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-4003 BlackRock–Digital Gravity Partners UK data-centre modernisation",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-4003",
   "counterparty": "BlackRock",
   "amount": 500000000,
   "amount_text": "500000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "BlackRock said it would spend up to £500m with Digital Gravity Partners modernising UK data centres. Buys or funds: Upgrading existing UK data centres (sites not named); amount is \"up to\". Other investors: Digital Gravity Partners.",
   "sources_text": "https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/nvidia-and-united-kingdom-build-nations-ai-infrastructure-and-ecosystem-to-fuel-innovation-economic-growth-and-jobs — \"up to £500 million to modernize U.K. data centers\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/nvidia-and-united-kingdom-build-nations-ai-infrastructure-and-ecosystem-to-fuel-innovation-economic-growth-and-jobs"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-09-16",
   "date_sort": "2025-09-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 500000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£500m",
   "gbp_txt": "£500m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5004",
   "date": "2025-07-29",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "University of Nottingham",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "BIZ-CLD-5004 OCF",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Nottingham refreshed its HPC facility with OCF and Lenovo, creating the Ada GPU cluster. Buys or funds: 80+ Lenovo servers with NVIDIA A100 and H200. Other investors: Lenovo (hardware).",
   "sources_text": "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/university-of-nottingham-case-study/ — \"4x more compute power\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/university-of-nottingham-case-study/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-07-29",
   "date_sort": "2025-07-29",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6025",
   "date": "2025-07-29",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "University of Nottingham (Ada, BIZ-CLD-6017)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6017",
   "counterparty": "OCF (BIZ-CLD-6001); Lenovo (BIZ-INV-2158)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Nottingham's HPC refresh delivered by OCF and Lenovo. Buys or funds: 80+ Lenovo servers with A100 and H200. Other investors: NVIDIA.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.lenovo.com/sg/en/case-studies-customer-success-stories/university-of-nottingham/ — \"The Lenovo engineers were incredibly important in the design process.\"; https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/ — \"Supporting World-Class Research at The University of Nottingham\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.lenovo.com/sg/en/case-studies-customer-success-stories/university-of-nottingham/",
    "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/latest-news/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-07-29",
   "date_sort": "2025-07-29",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-012",
   "date": "2025-07-17",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-016 AIRR",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-016",
   "counterparty": "UK Government (DSIT)",
   "amount": 1000000000,
   "amount_text": "1000000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Compute Roadmap commits over £1bn to grow the AIRR 20x by 2030.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-compute-roadmap/uk-compute-roadmap — \"expand the AI Research Resource 20x by 2030\"; https://delivery.ai.gov.uk/2/ — \"Expand the capacity of the AI Research Resource (AIRR) by at least 20x by 2030\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-compute-roadmap/uk-compute-roadmap",
    "https://delivery.ai.gov.uk/2/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-07-17",
   "date_sort": "2025-07-17",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 1000000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2022",
   "date": "2025-07-17",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "grant",
   "company_text": "OpenBind",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2044",
   "counterparty": "Sovereign AI Unit",
   "amount": 8000000,
   "amount_text": "8000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Seed investment in a Diamond Light Source-led consortium.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-compute-roadmap/uk-compute-roadmap — \"£8 million seed investment in a Diamond Light Source (DLS)-led consortium\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-compute-roadmap/uk-compute-roadmap"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-07-17",
   "date_sort": "2025-07-17",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 8000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£8m",
   "gbp_txt": "£8m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6019",
   "date": "2025-07",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "capacity_contract",
   "company_text": "Imperial College London (ICICLE liquid-cooled cluster)",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "Digital Realty (BIZ-DC-048)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Imperial's first direct liquid-cooled HPC cluster placed at Digital Realty Woking. Buys or funds: Colocation at LGW14, Woking; handed over Q4 2025. Other investors: Lenovo (hardware).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/uks-imperial-college-london-deploys-liquid-cooled-hpc-cluster-in-digital-realty-data-center/ (trade) — \"A contract for the cluster was first signed in July 2025\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/uks-imperial-college-london-deploys-liquid-cooled-hpc-cluster-in-digital-realty-data-center/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-07",
   "date_sort": "2025-07-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3029",
   "date": "2025-06-12",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Together AI (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-005",
   "counterparty": "Hypertec; 5C Group",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "not disclosed",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Together AI plans large European GPU build-outs, with the UK as a priority country. Buys or funds: Nearly 100,000 NVIDIA Blackwell and later GPUs in Europe, up to 2GW; priority countries France, UK, Italy and Portugal; rollouts from late 2025 to 2028.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.together.ai/blog/together-ai-expands-in-europe — \"Together AI is bringing nearly 100,000 GPUs to Europe through a partnership with Hypertec and 5C Group\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.together.ai/blog/together-ai-expands-in-europe"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-06-12",
   "date_sort": "2025-06-12",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "not disclosed",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "not disclosed",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-011",
   "date": "2025-06-11",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-020 Next National Supercomputing Service",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-020",
   "counterparty": "HM Treasury / UK Government",
   "amount": 750000000,
   "amount_text": "750000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Up to £750m for a national supercomputer at Edinburgh.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/scotland-to-host-uks-national-supercomputer-as-chancellor-confirms-750-million-investment — \"up to a further £750 million\"; https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-compute-roadmap/uk-compute-roadmap — \"up to £750 million for a new national supercomputer service in Edinburgh\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/scotland-to-host-uks-national-supercomputer-as-chancellor-confirms-750-million-investment",
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/uk-compute-roadmap/uk-compute-roadmap"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-06-11",
   "date_sort": "2025-06-11",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 750000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£750m",
   "gbp_txt": "£750m",
   "show": true,
   "same_event_ids": [
    "DEAL-DC-023",
    "DEAL-CLD-2034"
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2034",
   "date": "2025-06-11",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Next National Supercomputing Service, University of Edinburgh",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-020",
   "counterparty": "HM Treasury (Spending Review)",
   "amount": 750000000,
   "amount_text": "750000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Up to £750m confirmed for the new national supercomputer in Edinburgh. (Same event as DEAL-CLD-011; count once.)",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/scotland-to-host-uks-national-supercomputer-as-chancellor-confirms-750-million-investment — \"Scotland will become home to the UK's most powerful supercomputer\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/scotland-to-host-uks-national-supercomputer-as-chancellor-confirms-750-million-investment"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-06-11",
   "date_sort": "2025-06-11",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 750000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£750m",
   "gbp_txt": "£750m",
   "show": true,
   "same_event_as": "DEAL-CLD-011"
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-005",
   "date": "2025-04-08",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "funding_round",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-004 NexGen Cloud",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-004",
   "counterparty": "high-net-worth individuals and family trusts (not named)",
   "amount": 45000000,
   "amount_text": "45000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Series A for the London GPU cloud firm.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/gpu-cloud-firm-nexgen-raises-45-million-in-series-a-funding/ — \"NexGen Cloud has raised $45 million in a Series A funding round.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/gpu-cloud-firm-nexgen-raises-45-million-in-series-a-funding/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-04-08",
   "date_sort": "2025-04-08",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 35274751,
   "fx_rate": 1.2757,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.2757 per £ on 2025-04-08",
   "fx_date": "2025-04-08",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "US$45m",
   "gbp_txt": "£35.3m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2002",
   "date": "2025-04-08",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "funding_round",
   "company_text": "NexGen Cloud",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-004",
   "counterparty": "high-net-worth individuals and family trusts (not named)",
   "amount": 45000000,
   "amount_text": "45000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Series A for the UK GPU cloud behind Hyperstack.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/gpu-cloud-firm-nexgen-raises-45-million-in-series-a-funding/ (trade) — \"UK-based GPU cloud provider NexGen Cloud has raised $45 million in a Series A funding round.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/gpu-cloud-firm-nexgen-raises-45-million-in-series-a-funding/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-04-08",
   "date_sort": "2025-04-08",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 35274751,
   "fx_rate": 1.2757,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.2757 per £ on 2025-04-08",
   "fx_date": "2025-04-08",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "US$45m",
   "gbp_txt": "£35.3m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-010",
   "date": "2025-03-17",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-010 Oracle Cloud UK regions",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-010",
   "counterparty": "Oracle",
   "amount": 5000000000,
   "amount_text": "5000000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Oracle to invest $5bn over five years in UK cloud infrastructure.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.oracle.com/uk/news/announcement/oracle-invest-five-billion-cloud-infrastructure-2025-03-17/ — \"U.S. $5 billion over the next five years\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.oracle.com/uk/news/announcement/oracle-invest-five-billion-cloud-infrastructure-2025-03-17/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-03-17",
   "date_sort": "2025-03-17",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 3850596843,
   "fx_rate": 1.2985,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.2985 per £ on 2025-03-17",
   "fx_date": "2025-03-17",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "US$5bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£3.85bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-004",
   "date": "2025-03-10",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "major_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-003 Ori",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-003",
   "counterparty": "Kao Data (BIZ-DC-004)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Ori puts its first UK cloud region, with NVIDIA H200 GPUs, at Kao Data Harlow.",
   "sources_text": "https://kaodata.com/discover/news/ori-selects-kao-data — \"H200 Tensor Core GPUs\"; https://businessweekly.co.uk/posts/ori-picks-kao-datas-harlow-campus-for-uk-cloud-venture — \"NVIDIA's latest H200 Tensor Core GPUs\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://kaodata.com/discover/news/ori-selects-kao-data",
    "https://businessweekly.co.uk/posts/ori-picks-kao-datas-harlow-campus-for-uk-cloud-venture"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-03-10",
   "date_sort": "2025-03-10",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2013",
   "date": "2025-03",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Oracle Cloud UK regions",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-010",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 5000000000,
   "amount_text": "5000000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Plan to expand Oracle Cloud Infrastructure in the UK; AI services added to UK Sovereign Cloud in September 2025.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/oracle-adds-ai-services-to-uk-sovereign-cloud-as-part-of-5bn-investment-plan/ (trade) — \"The AI services on offer include generative AI and the OCI AI Agent Platform.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/oracle-adds-ai-services-to-uk-sovereign-cloud-as-part-of-5bn-investment-plan/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-03",
   "date_sort": "2025-03-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 3970775095,
   "fx_rate": 1.2592,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.2592 per £ on 2025-02-28",
   "fx_date": "2025-02-28",
   "fx_note": "month only given: rate for the 1st",
   "txt": "US$5bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£3.97bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5001",
   "date": "2025-02-10",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5001 Scan Computers",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5001",
   "counterparty": "NVIDIA (BIZ-BIG-014)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "NVIDIA certified Scan as a DGX managed service provider, one of eleven worldwide. Buys or funds: DGX-ready managed service provider status.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.scan.co.uk/info/presszone/scan/nvidia/dgx-ready — \"Scan becomes just one of eleven global NVIDIA partners to have the DGX MSP status.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.scan.co.uk/info/presszone/scan/nvidia/dgx-ready"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-02-10",
   "date_sort": "2025-02-10",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3019",
   "date": "2025-02",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Fluidstack",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-002",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 10000000000,
   "amount_text": "10000000000",
   "currency": "EUR",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Fluidstack pledged €10bn for a 1GW AI supercomputer in France. Buys or funds: A 1-gigawatt AI supercomputer in France.",
   "sources_text": "https://fluidstack.io/blog/fluidstack-strengthens-leadership-team-with-key-executive-hires-to-drive-next-phase-of-growth — \"These appointments follow Fluidstack's recent €10 billion commitment to building a 1-gigawatt AI supercomputer in France,\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://fluidstack.io/blog/fluidstack-strengthens-leadership-team-with-key-executive-hires-to-drive-next-phase-of-growth"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-02 (before 2025-02-26; announced at the AI Action Summit, Paris)",
   "date_sort": "2025-02-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 8366800535,
   "fx_rate": 1.1952,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), €1.1952 per £ on 2025-01-31",
   "fx_date": "2025-01-31",
   "fx_note": "month only given: rate for the 1st",
   "txt": "€10bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£8.37bn",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5002",
   "date": "2025-02",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5001 Scan Computers",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5001",
   "counterparty": "NVIDIA (BIZ-BIG-014)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Scan installed a DGX B200 system for its hosted DGX service, described as Europe's first DGX B200 cluster. Buys or funds: NVIDIA DGX B200, eight B200 GPUs, with PEAK:AIO storage.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.scan.co.uk/info/presszone/scan/nvidia/dgx-ready — \"We're so proud to join the exclusive DGX MSP community.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.scan.co.uk/info/presszone/scan/nvidia/dgx-ready"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025-02",
   "date_sort": "2025-02-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6017",
   "date": "2025",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "Imperial College London (HX2, BIZ-CLD-6009)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6009",
   "counterparty": "Lenovo (BIZ-INV-2158); Intel (BIZ-BIG-2034)",
   "amount": 10000000,
   "amount_text": "10000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "£10m Imperial supercomputer under ICICLE. Buys or funds: 24 GPU nodes with 4 × H200 each; 96 Xeon 6 CPU nodes. Other investors: NVIDIA (H200).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/intel-and-lenvo-partner-for-10m-supercomputer-at-imperial-college-london/ (trade) — \"Intel and Lenovo partner for £10m supercomputer at Imperial College London\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/intel-and-lenvo-partner-for-10m-supercomputer-at-imperial-college-london/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025",
   "date_sort": "2025-00-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 10000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£10m",
   "gbp_txt": "£10m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6021",
   "date": "2025",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "University of Manchester (CSF3, BIZ-CLD-6012)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6012",
   "counterparty": "NVIDIA (BIZ-BIG-014)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Manchester adds H200 GPUs to CSF3. Buys or funds: 32 NVIDIA H200 in four HGX nodes. Other investors: Alces (integration); Dell (host servers).",
   "sources_text": "https://research-it.manchester.ac.uk/news/2026/06/09/new-nvidia-chips/ — \"our integration partner.\"; https://research-it.manchester.ac.uk/tag/csf/ — \"completed the deployment of Nvidia H200 servers\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://research-it.manchester.ac.uk/news/2026/06/09/new-nvidia-chips/",
    "https://research-it.manchester.ac.uk/tag/csf/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025 (late)",
   "date_sort": "2025-00-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6038",
   "date": "2025",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "ARCHER2",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2001",
   "counterparty": "— (grantor not named)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "ARCHER2 extended; access ends 2026-11-20. Buys or funds: 12-month service extension to November 2026.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.epcc.ed.ac.uk/sites/default/files/newsletters/EPCC%20Newsletter_98%20WEB.pdf — \"The current ARCHER2 service has been granted a 12-month extension until November 2026.\"; https://docs.hpc.shef.ac.uk/en/latest/other-uk-hpc-resources.html — \"ARCHER2 access is scheduled to end at 17:00 GMT on 20 November 2026.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.epcc.ed.ac.uk/sites/default/files/newsletters/EPCC%20Newsletter_98%20WEB.pdf",
    "https://docs.hpc.shef.ac.uk/en/latest/other-uk-hpc-resources.html"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025 (autumn)",
   "date_sort": "2025-00-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6039",
   "date": "2025",
   "year": "2025",
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "Cirrus",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2002",
   "counterparty": "HPE (BIZ-BIG-2030)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "New Cirrus hardware from HPE, due before end of 2025. Buys or funds: HPE Cray EX4000 refresh, 256 nodes, 73,228 cores.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.epcc.ed.ac.uk/sites/default/files/newsletters/EPCC%20Newsletter_98%20WEB.pdf — \"The new Cirrus hardware is expected to be available before the end of 2025.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.epcc.ed.ac.uk/sites/default/files/newsletters/EPCC%20Newsletter_98%20WEB.pdf"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2025 (autumn)",
   "date_sort": "2025-00-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6032",
   "date": "2024-12-10",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "Hartree Centre",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2028",
   "counterparty": "IBM Research UK (BIZ-BIG-034); UK Atomic Energy Authority",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Three-way fusion AI partnership. Buys or funds: Fusion foundation models from JET and MAST-U data (BIZ-CLD-6028).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/news/2024/12/10/a-new-partnership-to-power-uk-fusion-powerplants/ — \"deliver commercial fusion in the 2040's by exploiting the transformative power of Artificial Intelligence.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/news/2024/12/10/a-new-partnership-to-power-uk-fusion-powerplants/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-12-10",
   "date_sort": "2024-12-10",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4010",
   "date": "2024-12-02",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-001 Civo",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-001",
   "counterparty": "Sify Technologies (data-centre host)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "2000000000 (stated as INR 200 crore)",
   "currency": "INR",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "UK cloud firm Civo committed INR 200 crore to launch its India region in Mumbai. Buys or funds: Civo India cloud region in a Sify data centre in Mumbai (80% renewable-powered); India team; site outside the UK.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.civo.com/blog/india-sovereign-cloud — \"This investment supports the launch of the Civo India region in Mumbai\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.civo.com/blog/india-sovereign-cloud"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-12-02",
   "date_sort": "2024-12-02",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "2000000000 (stated as INR 200 crore)",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "2000000000 (stated as INR 200 crore) INR",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6022",
   "date": "2024-11-20",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "Northumbria University (Higgs, BIZ-CLD-6015)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6015",
   "counterparty": "Lenovo (BIZ-INV-2158); Logicalis UKI (BIZ-CLD-6003)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "undisclosed (\"multi-million pound\")",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Northumbria's first university-wide HPC. Buys or funds: Lenovo ThinkSystem and AMD EPYC HPC; five-year integration and expansion.",
   "sources_text": "https://newsroom.northumbria.ac.uk/pressreleases/supercomputer-investment-will-power-world-leading-research-and-innovation-3355284 — \"Northumbria University has announced a multi-million pound investment in its first university-wide high-performance computing facility.\"; https://www.lenovo.com/gb/en/case-studies-customer-success-stories/northumbia-university/ — \"Huge boost in capacity and performance\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://newsroom.northumbria.ac.uk/pressreleases/supercomputer-investment-will-power-world-leading-research-and-innovation-3355284",
    "https://www.lenovo.com/gb/en/case-studies-customer-success-stories/northumbia-university/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-11-20",
   "date_sort": "2024-11-20",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "undisclosed (\"multi-million pound\")",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "undisclosed (\"multi-million pound\") GBP",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-BIG-2009",
   "date": "2024-10-14",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "CoreWeave (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-023",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 750000000,
   "amount_text": "750,000,000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Further £750m for UK AI cloud infrastructure, CoreWeave's second UK pledge of 2024.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tech-secretary-welcomes-foreign-investment-in-uk-data-centres-which-will-spur-economic-growth-and-ai-innovation-in-britain — \"CoreWeave will be investing a further £750 million in the UK\"; https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-international-investment-summit-secures-63-billion-and-nearly-38000-jobs-for-the-uk — \"CoreWeave is building on its £1 billion investment announced in May\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tech-secretary-welcomes-foreign-investment-in-uk-data-centres-which-will-spur-economic-growth-and-ai-innovation-in-britain",
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/record-breaking-international-investment-summit-secures-63-billion-and-nearly-38000-jobs-for-the-uk"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "big-tech",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-10-14",
   "date_sort": "2024-10-14",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 750000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£750m",
   "gbp_txt": "£750m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2007",
   "date": "2024-10-14",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "CoreWeave (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-023",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 750000000,
   "amount_text": "750000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Further UK investment in AI cloud infrastructure, part of a £6.3bn data-centre package announced by DSIT.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tech-secretary-welcomes-foreign-investment-in-uk-data-centres-which-will-spur-economic-growth-and-ai-innovation-in-britain — \"will be investing a further £750 million in the UK to support the demand for critical AI infrastructure\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tech-secretary-welcomes-foreign-investment-in-uk-data-centres-which-will-spur-economic-growth-and-ai-innovation-in-britain"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-10-14",
   "date_sort": "2024-10-14",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 750000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£750m",
   "gbp_txt": "£750m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5009",
   "date": "2024-10-01",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "acquisition",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5009 iomart Group plc",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5009",
   "counterparty": "Atech (Marlow; Azure Expert MSP)",
   "amount": 57000000,
   "amount_text": "57000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "iomart bought Atech for £57m, funded from its revolving credit facility. Buys or funds: Microsoft cloud MSP with 100+ staff in Marlow and about 50 in India; LTM revenue £34.4m.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.iomart.com/media/cuzl44fm/interim-results-h1-fy-2025-presentation.pdf — \"on debt and cash free basis.\" / https://www.iomart.com/media/1spcqa5x/iomart-half-yearly-results-2025.pdf — \"on 1 October 2024.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.iomart.com/media/cuzl44fm/interim-results-h1-fy-2025-presentation.pdf"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-10-01",
   "date_sort": "2024-10-01",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 57000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£57m",
   "gbp_txt": "£57m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4008",
   "date": "2024-08-05",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "wind_down",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-4006 Edinburgh exascale plan; BIZ-CLD-016 AIRR",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-4006",
   "counterparty": "DSIT",
   "amount": 1300000000,
   "amount_text": "1300000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "The new government cut £1.3bn of planned compute spending, including the Edinburgh exascale computer. Buys or funds: Cancelled: about £800m for the Edinburgh exascale computer and £500m of extra AIRR money for 2024 and 2025; the £300m already committed to AIRR continued.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.theregister.com/2024/08/05/axe_exascale_uk_edinburgh/ (trade) — \"extra funding for the AI Research Resource this year and next will also be cancelled.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.theregister.com/2024/08/05/axe_exascale_uk_edinburgh/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-08-05",
   "date_sort": "2024-08-05",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 1300000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1.30bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1.30bn",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6030",
   "date": "2024-07-11",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "Hartree Centre",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2028",
   "counterparty": "Quantinuum",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Quantinuum hardware made available to UK businesses through Hartree. Buys or funds: H1-Series quantum hardware via cloud or on site (BIZ-CLD-6026).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/news/2024/07/11/partnership-boosts-uk-access-to-most-powerful-quantum-technologies/ — \"a key component of our five-year plan.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/news/2024/07/11/partnership-boosts-uk-access-to-most-powerful-quantum-technologies/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-07-11",
   "date_sort": "2024-07-11",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-BIG-010",
   "date": "2024-05-10",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "uk_office_opening",
   "company_text": "CoreWeave (UK) (BIZ-BIG-023)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-023",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 1000000000,
   "amount_text": "1000000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "London European headquarters and £1bn UK investment",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/leading-tech-firms-invest-over-2-billion-in-the-uk-in-one-week — \"CoreWeave are also investing £1 billion in the UK\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/leading-tech-firms-invest-over-2-billion-in-the-uk-in-one-week"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "big-tech",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-05-10",
   "date_sort": "2024-05-10",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "amount_gbp": 1000000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-BIG-2005",
   "date": "2024-05-10",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "CoreWeave (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-023",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 1000000000,
   "amount_text": "1,000,000,000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "£1bn UK investment with two UK data centres in 2024 and a London European HQ.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/leading-tech-firms-invest-over-2-billion-in-the-uk-in-one-week — \"AI firm CoreWeave are investing £1 billion in the UK\"; https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tech-secretary-welcomes-foreign-investment-in-uk-data-centres-which-will-spur-economic-growth-and-ai-innovation-in-britain — \"Building on its £1 billion investment announced in May and the opening of its European headquarters in London,\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/leading-tech-firms-invest-over-2-billion-in-the-uk-in-one-week",
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tech-secretary-welcomes-foreign-investment-in-uk-data-centres-which-will-spur-economic-growth-and-ai-innovation-in-britain"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "big-tech",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-05-10",
   "date_sort": "2024-05-10",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 1000000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2006",
   "date": "2024-05-10",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "CoreWeave (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-BIG-023",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 1000000000,
   "amount_text": "1000000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Two UK data centres for AI compute opening in 2024 and a European headquarters in London.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/leading-tech-firms-invest-over-2-billion-in-the-uk-in-one-week — \"These two UK data centres will be opened in 2024, with a further expansion planned in 2025\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/leading-tech-firms-invest-over-2-billion-in-the-uk-in-one-week"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-05-10",
   "date_sort": "2024-05-10",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 1000000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5014",
   "date": "2024-05-01",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5010 Crown Hosting Data Centres",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5010",
   "counterparty": "Bank of England",
   "amount": 22000000,
   "amount_text": "22000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Crown Hosting won a Bank of England hosting contract of about £22m. Buys or funds: Data centre hosting, seven years.",
   "sources_text": "https://structureresearch.net/?p=92238 (trade) — \"~£22m\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://structureresearch.net/?p=92238"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-05-01 (reported)",
   "date_sort": "2024-05-01",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 22000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£22m",
   "gbp_txt": "£22m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6033",
   "date": "2024-04",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "Hartree Centre",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2028",
   "counterparty": "Unilever (BIZ-EST-052)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Decade-long Unilever R&D computing partnership restated in Hartree strategy. Buys or funds: Materials chemistry computing, AI and quantum (BIZ-CLD-6025).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Hartree_Strategy_final_WEB-1.pdf — \"materials chemistry computing partner for over a decade\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Hartree_Strategy_final_WEB-1.pdf"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-04",
   "date_sort": "2024-04-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6034",
   "date": "2024-04",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "Hartree Centre",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2028",
   "counterparty": "safesteps (digital healthcare)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Hartree cleaned and standardised safesteps data; follow-on project planned. Buys or funds: Fall-prevention data dashboard; NHS Spine connection.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Hartree_Strategy_final_WEB-1.pdf — \"are looking to do a follow on project with the Hartree Centre\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Hartree_Strategy_final_WEB-1.pdf"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-04",
   "date_sort": "2024-04-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2021",
   "date": "2024-03-26",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "major_contract",
   "company_text": "Hartree Centre",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2028",
   "counterparty": "Lenovo",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Lenovo ThinkSystem Neptune system rated 44.7 petaflops for STFC's Hartree Centre; £30m building under construction.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/447-petaflops-hpc-to-be-installed-at-uks-stfc-supercomputer-center/ (trade) — \"A £30 million ($38m) supercomputing center at Daresbury Laboratory is currently under construction to house the new system.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/447-petaflops-hpc-to-be-installed-at-uks-stfc-supercomputer-center/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-03-26",
   "date_sort": "2024-03-26",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5024",
   "date": "2024-03-22",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "site_opening",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5017 AtlasEdge (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5017",
   "counterparty": "Hardy Fisher Services (anchor customer)",
   "amount": 13000000,
   "amount_text": "13000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "AtlasEdge relaunched its Leeds data centre after more than £13m of upgrades. Buys or funds: More than £13m upgrade of Leeds LBA001.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/atlasedge-relaunches-leeds-data-center-in-uk/ (trade) — \"the first Tier III standard data center in the city.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/atlasedge-relaunches-leeds-data-center-in-uk/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-03-22",
   "date_sort": "2024-03-22",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 13000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£13m",
   "gbp_txt": "£13m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4007",
   "date": "2024-02-26",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-004 NexGen Cloud",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-004",
   "counterparty": "AQ Compute",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "NexGen Cloud signed AQ Compute to host its European GPU cloud on net-zero infrastructure. Buys or funds: Net-zero European data-centre capacity for NexGen's $1bn AI Supercloud, planned at more than 20,000 NVIDIA H100 by June 2024; country not named.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.nexgencloud.com/news/nexgen-cloud-and-aq-compute-advance-towards-net-zero-ai-supercloud — \"The partnership will aim to ensure that NexGen Cloud's $1 billion AI supercloud will be net zero.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.nexgencloud.com/news/nexgen-cloud-and-aq-compute-advance-towards-net-zero-ai-supercloud"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024-02-26",
   "date_sort": "2024-02-26",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2012",
   "date": "2024",
   "year": "2024",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "AWS Europe (London) Region",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-007",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 8000000000,
   "amount_text": "8000000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "£8bn over five years for UK data centres (as cited by DSIT on 14 October 2024).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tech-secretary-welcomes-foreign-investment-in-uk-data-centres-which-will-spur-economic-growth-and-ai-innovation-in-britain — \"plan to invest £8 billion in building, maintaining and operating data centres in the UK\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/tech-secretary-welcomes-foreign-investment-in-uk-data-centres-which-will-spur-economic-growth-and-ai-innovation-in-britain"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2024",
   "date_sort": "2024-00-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 8000000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£8bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£8bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5010",
   "date": "2023-12-07",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "acquisition",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5009 iomart Group plc",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5009",
   "counterparty": "Accesspoint Technologies (North East London)",
   "amount": 4500000,
   "amount_text": "4500000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "iomart bought legal-sector hosting firm Accesspoint for £4.5m upfront. Buys or funds: Hosting partner to UK legal firms; plus £0.5m milestone and up to £1.4m earn-out.",
   "sources_text": "https://iomart.com/updates/acquisition-of-accesspoint — \"excited to be working with the full team\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://iomart.com/updates/acquisition-of-accesspoint"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-12-07",
   "date_sort": "2023-12-07",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 4500000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£4.5m",
   "gbp_txt": "£4.5m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4004",
   "date": "2023-12-01",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-4005 AWS public cloud hosting contracts (2023) / BIZ-BIG-013 Amazon Web Services (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-4005",
   "counterparty": "Home Office",
   "amount": 450000000,
   "amount_text": "450000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "AWS won a £450m, three-year cloud hosting contract with the Home Office. Buys or funds: AWS public cloud hosting for 36 months under the second OGVA, via G-Cloud. (General cloud hosting, not AI compute.)",
   "sources_text": "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/366566172/AWS-secures-894m-in-cloud-spend-across-three-contracts-with-UK-government-on-same-day (trade) — \"worth £450m, that involves the provision of AWS public cloud hosting services to the Home Office.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/366566172/AWS-secures-894m-in-cloud-spend-across-three-contracts-with-UK-government-on-same-day"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-12-01",
   "date_sort": "2023-12-01",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 450000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£450m",
   "gbp_txt": "£450m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true,
   "tag": "general cloud"
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4005",
   "date": "2023-12-01",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-4005 AWS public cloud hosting contracts (2023) / BIZ-BIG-013 Amazon Web Services (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-4005",
   "counterparty": "HM Revenue and Customs",
   "amount": 350000000,
   "amount_text": "350000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "AWS won a £350m, three-year cloud contract with HMRC. Buys or funds: AWS cloud services for 36 months under the second OGVA, via G-Cloud. (General cloud hosting, not AI compute.)",
   "sources_text": "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/366566172/AWS-secures-894m-in-cloud-spend-across-three-contracts-with-UK-government-on-same-day (trade) — \"one valued at £350m with HM Revenue and Customs\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/366566172/AWS-secures-894m-in-cloud-spend-across-three-contracts-with-UK-government-on-same-day"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-12-01",
   "date_sort": "2023-12-01",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 350000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£350m",
   "gbp_txt": "£350m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true,
   "tag": "general cloud"
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4006",
   "date": "2023-12-01",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-4005 AWS public cloud hosting contracts (2023) / BIZ-BIG-013 Amazon Web Services (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-4005",
   "counterparty": "Department for Work and Pensions",
   "amount": 94000000,
   "amount_text": "94000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "AWS won a £94m, three-year cloud contract with DWP. Buys or funds: AWS cloud services for 36 months under the second OGVA, via G-Cloud. (General cloud hosting, not AI compute.)",
   "sources_text": "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/366566172/AWS-secures-894m-in-cloud-spend-across-three-contracts-with-UK-government-on-same-day (trade) — \"another worth £94m with the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/366566172/AWS-secures-894m-in-cloud-spend-across-three-contracts-with-UK-government-on-same-day"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-12-01",
   "date_sort": "2023-12-01",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 94000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£94m",
   "gbp_txt": "£94m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true,
   "tag": "general cloud"
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2030",
   "date": "2023-11-01",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "grant",
   "company_text": "Isambard-AI (Data centres page)",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "DSIT; HPE (builder); Nvidia (chips)",
   "amount": 225000000,
   "amount_text": "225000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Government funding for Isambard-AI at Bristol, part of a £300m AI Research Resource.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/technology-secretary-announces-investment-boost-making-british-ai-supercomputing-30-times-more-powerful — \"will be backed by a £225 million investment\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/technology-secretary-announces-investment-boost-making-british-ai-supercomputing-30-times-more-powerful"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-11-01",
   "date_sort": "2023-11-01",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 225000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£225m",
   "gbp_txt": "£225m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4003",
   "date": "2023-11-01",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-016 AI Research Resource (AIRR)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-016",
   "counterparty": "HM Government (DSIT) / UKRI",
   "amount": 300000000,
   "amount_text": "300000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "At the AI Safety Summit the AIRR budget was tripled to £300m to build Isambard-AI and Dawn. Buys or funds: Isambard-AI (Bristol, over 5,000 GPUs) and Dawn (Cambridge, over 1,000 Intel GPUs, Dell and StackHPC), linked by a Scientific OpenStack layer.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/technology-secretary-announces-investment-boost-making-british-ai-supercomputing-30-times-more-powerful — \"has been tripled to £300 million\"; https://www.ukri.org/news/300-million-to-launch-first-phase-of-new-ai-research-resource/ — \"has received a £300 million investment, to include a new Cambridge-based supercomputer\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/technology-secretary-announces-investment-boost-making-british-ai-supercomputing-30-times-more-powerful",
    "https://www.ukri.org/news/300-million-to-launch-first-phase-of-new-ai-research-resource/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-11-01",
   "date_sort": "2023-11-01",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 300000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£300m",
   "gbp_txt": "£300m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6008",
   "date": "2023-11-01",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "compute_grant",
   "company_text": "AI Research Resource",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-016",
   "counterparty": "UKRI / UK Government",
   "amount": 300000000,
   "amount_text": "300000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "£300m to launch the first AIRR phase, tripling a £100m Spring Budget 2023 allocation; per-system split not published. Buys or funds: First phase: Isambard-AI (over 5,000 GPUs) and Dawn (over 1,000 Intel GPUs).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ukri.org/news/300-million-to-launch-first-phase-of-new-ai-research-resource/ — \"£300 million to launch first phase of new AI Research Resource\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ukri.org/news/300-million-to-launch-first-phase-of-new-ai-research-resource/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-11-01",
   "date_sort": "2023-11-01",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 300000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£300m",
   "gbp_txt": "£300m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2020",
   "date": "2023-10-16",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "grant",
   "company_text": "DiRAC COSMA (COSMA 8)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2010",
   "counterparty": "STFC / UKRI",
   "amount": 10000000,
   "amount_text": "10000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "£10m COSMA 8 cosmology supercomputer launched at Durham University.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/durham-university-receives-10m-supercomputer/ (trade) — \"Durham University has officially launched its Cosmology Machine 8 (COSMA 8) supercomputer.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/durham-university-receives-10m-supercomputer/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-10-16",
   "date_sort": "2023-10-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 10000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£10m",
   "gbp_txt": "£10m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2035",
   "date": "2023-10-12",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "grant",
   "company_text": "EPCC, University of Edinburgh",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": 31000000,
   "amount_text": "31000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "New £31m wing of EPCC's Advanced Computing Facility to house the national exascale system.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/uks-first-exascale-supercomputer-to-be-hosted-in-edinburgh/ (trade) — \"We are thrilled to be chosen to host this significant leap forward in the UK's supercomputing capabilities.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/uks-first-exascale-supercomputer-to-be-hosted-in-edinburgh/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-10-12",
   "date_sort": "2023-10-12",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 31000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£31m",
   "gbp_txt": "£31m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2001",
   "date": "2023-10-05",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "NexGen Cloud",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-004",
   "counterparty": "Moore and Moore Investments Group (co-funder)",
   "amount": 1000000000,
   "amount_text": "1000000000",
   "currency": "USD",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Plan for a European AI Supercloud of 20,000+ Nvidia H100 GPUs, with $576m of hardware already ordered.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/uk-based-nexgen-cloud-to-invest-1bn-in-ai-supercloud/ (trade) — \"The platform will begin deployment in October 2023 and will eventually feature more than 20,000 Nvidia H100 Tensor Core GPUs.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/uk-based-nexgen-cloud-to-invest-1bn-in-ai-supercloud/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-10-05",
   "date_sort": "2023-10-05",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 822368421,
   "fx_rate": 1.216,
   "fx_source": "Bank of England daily spot rate (series XUDLUSS, XUDLERS), US$1.216 per £ on 2023-10-05",
   "fx_date": "2023-10-05",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "US$1bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£822.4m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6009",
   "date": "2023-05-22",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "compute_grant",
   "company_text": "Isambard 3",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2003",
   "counterparty": "UKRI",
   "amount": 10000000,
   "amount_text": "10000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "UKRI award for the GW4 Isambard 3 Arm-based system. Buys or funds: NVIDIA Grace CPU Superchip system, at least 55,000 cores, HPE POD at NCC. Other investors: GW4 Alliance (awardee); HPE, NVIDIA, Arm (suppliers).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2023/may/isambard-3-investment.html — \"have been awarded £10 million by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI).\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2023/may/isambard-3-investment.html"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-05-22",
   "date_sort": "2023-05-22",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 10000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£10m",
   "gbp_txt": "£10m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6018",
   "date": "2023-05-16",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "Imperial College London (ICICLE, BIZ-CLD-6010)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6010",
   "counterparty": "Lenovo (BIZ-INV-2158); Intel (BIZ-BIG-2034)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Imperial, Intel and Lenovo launch ICICLE. Buys or funds: Multi-year sustainable HPC and AI collaboration; Lenovo Neptune liquid cooling, Intel HBM.",
   "sources_text": "https://news.lenovo.com/pressroom/press-releases/icicle-partnership-sustinable-hpc-and-ai/ — \"make Imperial College one of the largest Tier 3 HPC universities in UK.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://news.lenovo.com/pressroom/press-releases/icicle-partnership-sustinable-hpc-and-ai/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-05-16",
   "date_sort": "2023-05-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4001",
   "date": "2023-03",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-016 AI Research Resource (AIRR)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-016",
   "counterparty": "HM Government (Spring Budget 2023)",
   "amount": 100000000,
   "amount_text": "100000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "The 2023 Spring Budget set aside £100m for a national AI Research Resource; it was tripled in November 2023. Buys or funds: First funding for a national AI Research Resource, before Isambard-AI and Dawn were named.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ukri.org/news/300-million-to-launch-first-phase-of-new-ai-research-resource/ — \"This triples the £100 million investment outlined in the government's 2023 Spring Budget\"; https://www.gov.uk/government/news/technology-secretary-announces-investment-boost-making-british-ai-supercomputing-30-times-more-powerful — \"up from £100 million announced in March 2023\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ukri.org/news/300-million-to-launch-first-phase-of-new-ai-research-resource/",
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/technology-secretary-announces-investment-boost-making-british-ai-supercomputing-30-times-more-powerful"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-03",
   "date_sort": "2023-03-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 100000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£100m",
   "gbp_txt": "£100m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4002",
   "date": "2023-03",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-016 AI Research Resource (AIRR); BIZ-CLD-4006 Edinburgh exascale plan",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-016",
   "counterparty": "HM Treasury (Chancellor Jeremy Hunt, Spring Budget 2023)",
   "amount": 900000000,
   "amount_text": "900000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "The Chancellor committed about £900m to AI research compute and an exascale computer. Buys or funds: AI research compute and a UK exascale supercomputer; in September 2023 Bristol was named host of Isambard-AI with \"thousands\" of GPUs.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.theregister.com/2023/03/16/uk_gov_splashes_on_quantum/ (trade) — \"Because AI needs computing horsepower, I today commit around £900 million\"; https://www.gov.uk/government/news/bristol-set-to-host-uks-most-powerful-supercomputer-to-turbocharge-ai-innovation — \"backed by a £900 million investment\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.theregister.com/2023/03/16/uk_gov_splashes_on_quantum/",
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/bristol-set-to-host-uks-most-powerful-supercomputer-to-turbocharge-ai-innovation"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-03",
   "date_sort": "2023-03-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 900000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£900m",
   "gbp_txt": "£900m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6035",
   "date": "2023-02-13",
   "year": "2023",
   "kind": "investment_pledge",
   "company_text": "Hartree Centre",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2028",
   "counterparty": "STFC",
   "amount": 30000000,
   "amount_text": "30000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Groundbreaking for Hartree's new supercomputer centre. Buys or funds: New supercomputing centre building at Daresbury (strategy gives £42m).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/news/2023/02/13/new-30-million-supercomputer-centre-at-daresbury-laboratory/ — \"This is an incredibly exciting day for the Hartree Centre.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.hartree.stfc.ac.uk/news/2023/02/13/new-30-million-supercomputer-centre-at-daresbury-laboratory/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2023-02-13",
   "date_sort": "2023-02-13",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 30000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£30m",
   "gbp_txt": "£30m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2017",
   "date": "2022-10-25",
   "year": "2022",
   "kind": "collapse",
   "company_text": "UKCloud",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2060",
   "counterparty": "Official Receiver (Gareth Jonathan Allen); Ernst & Young special managers",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Winding-up orders against UKCloud and parent Virtual Infrastructure Group.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252526530/UKCloud-in-liquidation-Troubled-public-sector-cloud-provider-hit-with-winding-up-order (trade) — \"Winding-up orders for UKCloud and its parent company, Virtual Infrastructure Group, were issued on Tuesday 25 October 2022.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252526530/UKCloud-in-liquidation-Troubled-public-sector-cloud-provider-hit-with-winding-up-order"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2022-10-25",
   "date_sort": "2022-10-25",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5013",
   "date": "2022-10",
   "year": "2022",
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5010 Crown Hosting Data Centres",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5010",
   "counterparty": "Crown Commercial Service",
   "amount": 250000000,
   "amount_text": "250000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Crown Hosting won a second seven-year, £250m government hosting framework. Buys or funds: Single-supplier colocation framework (Crown Hosting II), seven years.",
   "sources_text": "https://datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/crown-hosting-wins-250-million-contract-framework-from-uk-gov (trade) — \"rental of managed premises (data center colocation facilities)\" / https://www.structureresearch.net/?p=81632 (trade) — \"for a further seven years\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/crown-hosting-wins-250-million-contract-framework-from-uk-gov"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2022-10",
   "date_sort": "2022-10-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 250000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£250m",
   "gbp_txt": "£250m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5023",
   "date": "2022-02",
   "year": "2022",
   "kind": "acquisition",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5017 AtlasEdge (UK)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5017",
   "counterparty": "Cornelius House, Leeds (seller not named)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "AtlasEdge bought the Leeds site later relaunched as LBA001. Buys or funds: Leeds data centre, 400 racks.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/atlasedge-relaunches-leeds-data-center-in-uk/ (trade) — \"the first Tier III standard data center in the city.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/atlasedge-relaunches-leeds-data-center-in-uk/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2022-02",
   "date_sort": "2022-02-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5026",
   "date": "2022-01-27",
   "year": "2022",
   "kind": "rename",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5015 ANS",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5015",
   "counterparty": "UKFast",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "The merged ANS–UKFast business adopted the ANS name. Buys or funds: Combined group trades under the ANS name.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ans.co.uk/insights/uk-cloud-giant-eyes-further-growth-under-ans-name/ — \"The milestone represents huge opportunity, both for our team and our customers.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ans.co.uk/insights/uk-cloud-giant-eyes-further-growth-under-ans-name/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2022-01-27",
   "date_sort": "2022-01-27",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2032",
   "date": "2022",
   "year": "2022",
   "kind": "acquisition",
   "company_text": "UKCloud",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2060",
   "counterparty": "investment company of chairman Jeff Thomas",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "UKCloud needed a £30m rescue and was acquired in early 2022, months before liquidation.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252528133/Top-10-cloud-stories-of-2022 (trade) — \"the Cabinet Office had been warning users of its services to shift their workloads\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252528133/Top-10-cloud-stories-of-2022"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2022",
   "date_sort": "2022-00-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2033",
   "date": "2022",
   "year": "2022",
   "kind": "grant",
   "company_text": "ExCALIBUR",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2073",
   "counterparty": "UKRI Strategic Priorities Fund",
   "amount": 3000000,
   "amount_text": "3000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Up to four two-year projects on high-priority exascale software use cases, to start by 1 December 2022.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/investigate-high-priority-use-cases-for-exascale-software-phase-two/ — \"This is a UKRI Strategic Priorities Fund open funding opportunity.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/investigate-high-priority-use-cases-for-exascale-software-phase-two/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2022",
   "date_sort": "2022-00-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 3000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£3m",
   "gbp_txt": "£3m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5025",
   "date": "2021-10-21",
   "year": "2021",
   "kind": "merger",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5015 ANS",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5015",
   "counterparty": "UKFast",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "ANS and UKFast announced a merger, with a combined board from January 2022. Buys or funds: Combined cloud and digital transformation group.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ans.co.uk/insights/ans-and-ukfast-to-merge/ — \"I am excited by leading an enlarged group which provides significant scale and platform for future growth.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ans.co.uk/insights/ans-and-ukfast-to-merge/"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2021-10-21",
   "date_sort": "2021-10-21",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5007",
   "date": "2021-08-24",
   "year": "2021",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "Loughborough University",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5020",
   "counterparty": "BIZ-CLD-5004 OCF",
   "amount": 1000000,
   "amount_text": "1000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Loughborough bought the £1m Lovelace HPC system from OCF. Buys or funds: 58 Lenovo nodes, 6 NVIDIA V100 GPUs, 800TB storage. Other investors: Lenovo; NVIDIA.",
   "sources_text": "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/blog/ocf-works-with-loughborough-university-on-new-1m-high-performance-computer-to-transform-research/ — \"consumes half the electricity whilst delivering three to four times the output\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/blog/ocf-works-with-loughborough-university-on-new-1m-high-performance-computer-to-transform-research/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2021-08-24",
   "date_sort": "2021-08-24",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 1000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1m",
   "gbp_txt": "£1m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5027",
   "date": "2021-06",
   "year": "2021",
   "kind": "acquisition",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5015 ANS",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5015",
   "counterparty": "Inflexion Private Equity",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Inflexion acquired ANS before the UKFast merger. Buys or funds: Ownership of ANS.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.ans.co.uk/insights/ans-and-ukfast-to-merge/ — (stated on page; no verbatim quote captured)",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.ans.co.uk/insights/ans-and-ukfast-to-merge/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2021-06",
   "date_sort": "2021-06-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2031",
   "date": "2021-03",
   "year": "2021",
   "kind": "grant",
   "company_text": "ExCALIBUR",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2073",
   "counterparty": "STFC (funder); University of Bristol (lead)",
   "amount": 91440,
   "amount_text": "91440",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "ExCALIBUR hardware and enabling software leadership grant ST/W004925/1, March 2021 to March 2024.",
   "sources_text": "https://gtr.ukri.org/project/E63DF6EB-54B6-471E-AE54-20769CBB4BF2 — \"The goal of ExCALIBUR is to redesign high priority computer codes and algorithms,\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://gtr.ukri.org/project/E63DF6EB-54B6-471E-AE54-20769CBB4BF2"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2021-03",
   "date_sort": "2021-03-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 91440,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£91,440",
   "gbp_txt": "£91,440",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6027",
   "date": "2021-03",
   "year": "2021",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "Bede",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2012",
   "counterparty": "OCF (BIZ-CLD-6001), supplier",
   "amount": 3800000,
   "amount_text": "3800000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "N8 Tier 2 supercomputer designed, installed and maintained by OCF. Buys or funds: IBM POWER9 nodes with V100; NVIDIA T4 inference nodes. Other investors: Durham University (host); N8 Research Partnership.",
   "sources_text": "https://ocf.co.uk/higher-education — \"a new £3.8m supercomputer\"; https://ocf.co.uk/portfolio/bede-provides-the-n8-northern-universities-with-high-performance-computing-power/ — \"To replace Polaris, the N8 hired OCF to design, install and maintain a new supercomputer.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ocf.co.uk/higher-education",
    "https://ocf.co.uk/portfolio/bede-provides-the-n8-northern-universities-with-high-performance-computing-power/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2021-03",
   "date_sort": "2021-03-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 3800000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£3.8m",
   "gbp_txt": "£3.8m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2018",
   "date": "2021-02",
   "year": "2021",
   "kind": "major_contract",
   "company_text": "Met Office",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "Microsoft",
   "amount": 1200000000,
   "amount_text": "1200000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Contract for an Azure-based supercomputer; phase one from 2022, threefold expansion planned for 2028.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/met-office-switches-to-microsoft-azure-based-supercomputer/ (trade) — \"The on-prem system has now been completely switched off.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/met-office-switches-to-microsoft-azure-based-supercomputer/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2021-02",
   "date_sort": "2021-02-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 1200000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£1.20bn",
   "gbp_txt": "£1.20bn",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5008",
   "date": "2020-08-04",
   "year": "2020",
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "University of Aberdeen",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5021",
   "counterparty": "BIZ-CLD-5004 OCF",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Aberdeen's Maxwell genomics cluster was designed, integrated and managed by OCF. Buys or funds: Maxwell HPC cluster with NVIDIA GPUs, managed by OCF. Other investors: Lenovo; NVIDIA; ThinkParQ.",
   "sources_text": "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/blog/maxwell-supercomputer-at-the-university-of-aberdeen-supporting-ground-breaking-genomics-research/ — \"twenty times more storage\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://ocf.co.uk/about-us/blog/maxwell-supercomputer-at-the-university-of-aberdeen-supporting-ground-breaking-genomics-research/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2020-08-04",
   "date_sort": "2020-08-04",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6037",
   "date": "2020-07-15",
   "year": "2020",
   "kind": "site_opening",
   "company_text": "ARCHER2",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2001",
   "counterparty": "Cray (an HPE company)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "First phase of ARCHER2 installed at EPCC's Advanced Computing Facility. Buys or funds: First 4 of 23 cabinets installed. Other investors: UKRI; University of Edinburgh.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.epcc.ed.ac.uk/whats-happening/articles/first-phase-archer2-installed-advanced-computing-facility — \"This is the first phase of the 23-cabinet system of ARCHER2\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.epcc.ed.ac.uk/whats-happening/articles/first-phase-archer2-installed-advanced-computing-facility"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2020-07-15",
   "date_sort": "2020-07-15",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5022",
   "date": "2020",
   "year": "2020",
   "kind": "debt_financing",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5016 Proximity Data Centres",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5016",
   "counterparty": "lender not named",
   "amount": 25000000,
   "amount_text": "25000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Proximity took a £25m loan to fund an £80m UK roll-out. Buys or funds: £80m UK edge data centre roll-out.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/i-squared-capitals-nlighten-acquires-uk-edge-firm-proximity/ (trade) — \"Being part of the nLighten group of data centers\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/i-squared-capitals-nlighten-acquires-uk-edge-firm-proximity/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2020",
   "date_sort": "2020-00-00",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 25000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£25m",
   "gbp_txt": "£25m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2019",
   "date": "2017-11-16",
   "year": "2017",
   "kind": "grant",
   "company_text": "JADE (Joint Academic Data science Endeavour)",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2014",
   "counterparty": "EPSRC (funder); Atos (supplier)",
   "amount": 3000000,
   "amount_text": "3000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "EPSRC-funded deep-learning system of 22 Nvidia DGX-1 servers at the Hartree Centre.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/uk-universities-get-jade-supercomputer-to-be-supplied-as-a-service/ (trade) — \"The £3m ($3.95m) project was funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/uk-universities-get-jade-supercomputer-to-be-supplied-as-a-service/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2017-11-16",
   "date_sort": "2017-11-16",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 3000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£3m",
   "gbp_txt": "£3m",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5012",
   "date": "2015-03-19",
   "year": "2015",
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5010 Crown Hosting Data Centres",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5010",
   "counterparty": "Cabinet Office",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Government and Ark formed Crown Hosting Data Centres, government keeping 25%. Buys or funds: Joint venture for government data centre hosting; savings up to £105m. Other investors: Ark Data Centres (BIZ-DC-020), 75%.",
   "sources_text": "https://gov.uk/government/news/government-creates-new-business-to-save-up-to-105-million-in-it-costs — \"The government will retain a 25% stake\" / https://crownhostingdc.co.uk/?p=163 — page dated 12 March 2015",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://gov.uk/government/news/government-creates-new-business-to-save-up-to-105-million-in-it-costs"
   ],
   "confidence": "verified",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "2015-03-19",
   "date_sort": "2015-03-19",
   "before_ledger_start": true,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-2016",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "rename",
   "company_text": "Era4",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-006",
   "counterparty": null,
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Carbon3.ai (founded June 2025) renamed Era4; article undated (\"earlier this year\").",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/civo-and-era4-launch-sovereign-ai-cloud-offering-in-the-uk/ (trade) — \"Era4 was founded as Carbon3.ai in June 2025, rebranding earlier this year.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/civo-and-era4-launch-sovereign-ai-cloud-offering-in-the-uk/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "—",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3020",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "asset_financing",
   "company_text": "Fluidstack",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-002",
   "counterparty": "Macquarie Group (Specialised and Asset Finance, Commodities and Global Markets)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "not disclosed",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "GPU financing deal between Fluidstack and Macquarie for European AI labs. Buys or funds: GPUs for AI labs in Europe; customers named: Mistral, Character.AI, Poolside.",
   "sources_text": "https://fluidstack.io/blog/fluidstack-and-macquarie-announce-gpu-financing-deal-to-power-ai-labs-across-europe — \"Founded in 2017 at Oxford University\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://fluidstack.io/blog/fluidstack-and-macquarie-announce-gpu-financing-deal-to-power-ai-labs-across-europe"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (page undated)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "not disclosed",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "not disclosed",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-3035",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "Era4",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-006",
   "counterparty": "Valencia Waste Management / Valencia Energy",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": "not disclosed",
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Era4 and Valencia agreed to put AI data centres on Valencia landfill sites. Buys or funds: Data centre capacity at Valencia landfill sites, powered by landfill gas (first: Shelford, Canterbury, BIZ-CLD-3007).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/era4-plans-landfill-gas-powered-data-center-in-canterbury-uk/ (trade) — \"the company aims to deploy 100,000 GPUs across more than 30 locations.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/era4-plans-landfill-gas-powered-data-center-in-canterbury-uk/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (not dated by DCD)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_as_written": "not disclosed",
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "not disclosed",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-4026",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "asset_financing",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-002 Fluidstack",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-002",
   "counterparty": "Macquarie Group (Specialised and Asset Finance)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Fluidstack and Macquarie agreed a GPU financing deal to supply compute to AI labs in Europe. Buys or funds: GPUs for AI labs in Europe; customers named: Mistral, Character.AI, Poolside; amount and sites not stated.",
   "sources_text": "https://fluidstack.io/blog/fluidstack-and-macquarie-announce-gpu-financing-deal-to-power-ai-labs-across-europe — \"This partnership with Macquarie marks an important step forward for Fluidstack and the broader AI ecosystem.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://fluidstack.io/blog/fluidstack-and-macquarie-announce-gpu-financing-deal-to-power-ai-labs-across-europe"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (not dated on page)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5018",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "compute_grant",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5013 NHS Research Secure Data Environment network",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5013",
   "counterparty": "NHS England",
   "amount": 13500000,
   "amount_text": "13500000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "NHS England awarded over £13.5m to 11 regional secure data environments. Buys or funds: 11 sub-national secure data environments.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.england.nhs.uk/blog/investing-in-the-future-of-health-research-secure-accessible-and-life-saving/ — \"over £13.5 million\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.england.nhs.uk/blog/investing-in-the-future-of-health-research-secure-accessible-and-life-saving/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "c.2022",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 13500000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£13.5m",
   "gbp_txt": "£13.5m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5021",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "acquisition",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5016 Proximity Data Centres",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5016",
   "counterparty": "nLighten (I Squared Capital, ISQ Global Infrastructure Fund III)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "nLighten bought UK edge operator Proximity; terms not disclosed; Houlihan Lokey advised Proximity, RBC advised nLighten. Buys or funds: 10 regional UK edge data centres.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/i-squared-capitals-nlighten-acquires-uk-edge-firm-proximity/ (trade) — \"leading pan-European Edge data center platform\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/i-squared-capitals-nlighten-acquires-uk-edge-firm-proximity/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (date not printed)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5029",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "capacity_contract",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5018 CUDO Compute",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "unnamed AI service provider",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "CUDO deployed and runs a 4,000+ GPU cluster for an unnamed AI provider. Buys or funds: Managed deployment of a 4,000+ NVIDIA GPU cluster (H100, H200, B200 demand).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.cudocompute.com/case-studies/cudos-managed-service-for-large-gpu-cluster-deployment — \"4,000+ GPU cluster\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.cudocompute.com/case-studies/cudos-managed-service-for-large-gpu-cluster-deployment"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (page updated 2026-04-27)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5030",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5019 Frontier/1 UK",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "PlatformDC",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Frontier/1 and PlatformDC are taking reservations for a UK sovereign inference cloud. Buys or funds: UK sovereign inference cloud on UK-built modular data centres.",
   "sources_text": "https://frontierone.ai/uk — \"the UK's answer to secure, sovereign AI inference infrastructure.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://frontierone.ai/uk"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (page live 2026-10)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-5031",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "partnership",
   "company_text": "BIZ-CLD-5007 Centerprise International",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-5007",
   "counterparty": "HPE",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Centerprise sells HPE Private Cloud AI as packaged private AI clouds for UK buyers. Buys or funds: Private AI bundles on HPE Private Cloud AI, on site or UK-hosted. Other investors: NVIDIA (BIZ-BIG-014).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.centerprise.co.uk/what-we-do/cloud-and-hosting-services/private-ai/ — \"pre-validated, AI-optimised private cloud\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.centerprise.co.uk/what-we-do/cloud-and-hosting-services/private-ai/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (page live 2026-10)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6010",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "JADE II",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-2082",
   "counterparty": "Atos (BIZ-CLD-6020), supplier; University of Oxford, buyer",
   "amount": 5000000,
   "amount_text": "5000000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "Four-year Atos contract to deliver the JADE2 deep-learning supercomputer. Buys or funds: 63 NVIDIA DGX nodes, 504 V100, hosted at Hartree. Other investors: EPSRC (funder).",
   "sources_text": "https://oerc.ox.ac.uk/case-studies/atos-partners-with-university-of-oxford-on-uks-largest-ai-supercomputer — \"worth £5 million with the University of Oxford.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://oerc.ox.ac.uk/case-studies/atos-partners-with-university-of-oxford-on-uks-largest-ai-supercomputer"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (page undated)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 5000000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£5m",
   "gbp_txt": "£5m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6023",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "gpu_purchase",
   "company_text": "University of Strathclyde CMAC",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "Scan Computers (BIZ-CLD-6002)",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "CMAC installs an NVIDIA DGX H100 delivered by Scan. Other investors: NVIDIA; Run:AI; UK-RPIF Net Zero pilot (funding).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.cmac.ac.uk/news-database/nvidia-dgx-h100-supercomputer — \"an order of magnitude performance improvement compared to previous platforms.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.cmac.ac.uk/news-database/nvidia-dgx-h100-supercomputer"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (3 July; year not shown)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6024",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "compute_grant",
   "company_text": "University of Surrey CoSTAR GPU cluster",
   "company_id": "BIZ-CLD-6013",
   "counterparty": "UKRI Infrastructure Fund, delivered by AHRC",
   "amount": null,
   "amount_text": null,
   "currency": null,
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "UKRI infrastructure funding for the CoSTAR creative-technology compute cluster. Buys or funds: 100 NVIDIA H200 cluster.",
   "sources_text": "https://docs.pages.surrey.ac.uk/research_computing/hpc/clusters/costar.html — \"funded through UK Research and Innovation's (UKRI) Infrastructure Fund\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://docs.pages.surrey.ac.uk/research_computing/hpc/clusters/costar.html"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "—",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": false,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": null,
   "fx_rate": null,
   "fx_source": null,
   "fx_note": "no amount published",
   "txt": "",
   "gbp_txt": "",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6028",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "University of St Andrews",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "OCF (BIZ-CLD-6001)",
   "amount": 1990000,
   "amount_text": "1990000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "OCF wins St Andrews HPC contract from nine tenders. Buys or funds: At least 15,000 x64 cores; GPU nodes about 20% of cost.",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/scotlands-university-of-st-andrews-plans-2m-ocf-supercomputer/ (trade) — \"at least 15,000 x64 compatible compute cores at 2GB RAM per core, excluding log-in nodes and peripheral devices\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/scotlands-university-of-st-andrews-plans-2m-ocf-supercomputer/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (21 May; year not stated)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 1990000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£2m",
   "gbp_txt": "£2m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  },
  {
   "id": "DEAL-CLD-6029",
   "date": null,
   "year": null,
   "kind": "government_contract",
   "company_text": "UK Industrial Fusion Solutions (UKAEA Group)",
   "company_id": null,
   "counterparty": "Boxxe (BIZ-CLD-6006)",
   "amount": 7870000,
   "amount_text": "7870000",
   "currency": "GBP",
   "valuation_reported": null,
   "summary": "STEP fusion programme buys a modular HPC data centre via the SUPC framework. Buys or funds: Modular data centre with CPU and GPU nodes, plus support. Other investors: Dell Technologies (hardware).",
   "sources_text": "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/uk-fusion-energy-developer-awards-79m-modular-hpc-data-center-contract-to-boxxe/ (trade) — \"installation and delivery of a modular data center and enclosed IT infrastructure, consisting of CPU and GPU nodes.\"",
   "source_urls": [
    "https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/uk-fusion-energy-developer-awards-79m-modular-hpc-data-center-contract-to-boxxe/"
   ],
   "confidence": "single_source",
   "ledger": "page",
   "page": "cloud",
   "render": true,
   "date_text": "— (article undated)",
   "date_sort": "",
   "before_ledger_start": false,
   "week_ending": false,
   "trade": true,
   "round4": true,
   "amount_gbp": 7870000,
   "fx_rate": 1.0,
   "fx_source": "as published (GBP)",
   "fx_note": "",
   "txt": "£7.9m",
   "gbp_txt": "£7.9m",
   "show": true,
   "round6": true
  }
 ]
}